What is Ionization: Definition and 286 Discussions

Ionization or ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with subatomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with electromagnetic radiation. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.

View More On Wikipedia.org
Recent contents Top users
  1. D

    Ionization cross-section energy dependency?

    Alright, so I'm looking into electron-impact ionization of Argon, and subsequently the collision ionization cross-section. While i have found articles that experimentally find these cross sections at different energies (energies of the electrons that is), such as here...
  2. Q

    Is the Hydrogenic Rydberg atom just a proton with an ionized electron at n=100?

    What is the definition of ionization? For example, in the case of Hydrogen atom, the Coulomb force is the long-range, so the electron and its wave function is always affected by the left proton. So the QUANTUM description is actually difficult and unclear. Could anyone explain to the the...
  3. C

    Ionization and electron acquisition help

    I have a couple questions on my homework that I am stuck on. 1. Write the equations that represent the first three ionizations of the aluminum atom. Be sure to include phases and charges. 2. Write the equations that represent the acquisition of the two electrons of the sulfur atom forming the...
  4. S

    Bohr energy equation and Ionization energy

    Hey, I was wondering if anyone could help me out with this. I need to take the Bohr energy equation ( En= -2.178 x 10^-18) (Z^2 /n^2) and the Inoization energy equation ( IE= Einfinity - Eground state). I need to somehow modify the bohr energy equation that can be used to find the inonization...
  5. P

    What are the differences in ionization energy between potassium and calcium?

    Question: The first and second ionization energies of K are 419 kJ/mol and 3052 kJ/mol, and those of Ca are 590 kJ/mol and 1145 kJ/mol, respectively. Compare their values and comment on the differeneces. I'm thinking of two different ways of how to do this even though I think both are wrong...
  6. L

    Ionization energy and speed of electron

    A neon sign is a gas discharge tube in which electrons traveling from the cathode to anode collide with neon atoms in dicharge tube and knocks electrons off of them. As electrons return to the neon ions and drop to lower energy levels, light is given off. How fast would an electron have to be...
  7. z-component

    Solve Ionization & Light: Frequency for Hydrogen

    [SOLVED] Ionization and light I've been working on this problem and I'm not coming up with a reasonable answer. If the Bohr model is used, what frequency of light would be required for ionization of hydrogen? I know that \Delta E = h \nu, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and \nu is...
  8. B

    STAR: Comparing Ionization and Thermal Energy in the Sun

    Question says: Approximately how much energy would be required to ionize all the hydrogen in the Sun? How does this ionization energy compare with the thermal energy of the Sun? (Assume the uniform density approximation. The ionization energy of a single hydrogen atom is 2.18e−18 J.) Am...
  9. H

    Need a formula for Ionization HELP

    Need a formula for Ionization HELP! What is the greatest wavelength of radiation that will ionize an unexcited Hydrogen atom? If someone could give me a fomula to work with I'd be EVER so greatful! I've been working on this for HOURS.
  10. S

    Calculating pH and Ionization of Aspirin Solutions

    Question: Aspirin is a weak acid. (a) Calculate pH of 0.2M solution of aspirin at 25 degrees celsius (Ka = 3.0 x 10^-4 at 25 degrees celcius). (b) Determine the percent ionisation (c) Explain qualitatively the effect of adding 0.01M hydrochloric acid to the aspirin solution. (d)...
  11. A

    Solving the Proton-Muon Capture: Understanding E1 Ionization Energy

    for the following question: a proton capatures a negative muon (mass=207me). Find the ionization energy of the atom. my problem: the answer in my textbook says to use 13.6eV for the E1 ionization energy, but why? i thougth that that value is only true for hydrogen atoms, but that question...
  12. S

    Alkali Metals and Ionization Energy

    Which alkali metal forms preferentially an oxide rather than a peroxide or superoxide? a. Na b. Rb c. Li d. K Of the following, which element has the highest first ionization energy? a. Na b. Al c. P d. Cl Are these correct? Thanks.
  13. S

    P3+(g) --> P4+(g) + e-: Highest Ionization Energy

    Which ionization process requires the most energy? a. P(g) --> P+(g) + e- b. P3+(g) --> P4+(g) + e- c. P2+(g) --> P3+(g) + e- d. P+(g) --> P2+(g) + e- Is it b. P3+(g) --> P4+(g) + e- because this is the fourth ionization energy (which requires highest amt.)...
  14. J

    Highest second ionization energy of elements

    Which element in each of the following sets would you expect to have the highest second ionization energy? How do I figure this out? a. Na, Mg, Al b. Na, K, Fe c. Li, Be, Mg Can you help me? Thanks
  15. C

    Photons, wavelengths, and ionization energy

    This is a post-lab question for my chemistry lab but it is kind of physics too so I thought I'd post it here (the other sciences sections don't much response).. It's confusing because the questions are supposed to go along with what we are learning in the chemistry lecture, but we're behind in...
  16. A

    How to Calculate Ionization Energy for Hydrogen Molecules in KJ/mol

    PLEASE HELP! Ionization Energy Question Hello everyone, I am having some trouble with this question. If one of you could point me in the right direction i would be really grateful. 1. Since the ionization process takes an electron from its ground state to the zero level of the energy...
  17. E

    How Do You Calculate the Ionization Energy of Hydrogen Using Quantum Mechanics?

    Hello everybody, just wondering if anyone could point me in the right direction for this question. Please and thanks. 1) Since the ionisation process takes an electron from its ground state to the zero level of the energy scale, the ground state energy calculated for the electron of the...
  18. N

    I need some helps how does acid affect the ionization of water ?

    i need some helps...how does acid affect the ionization of water ? ...how does acid affect the ionization of water ? if there are more hydroximum ions in the solution,what will the change of ionization of water?
  19. 9

    First Ionization Energies & Metallic/Non-Metallic Properties

    got a homework problem... What is the relationship between first ionization energies and metallic and non-metallic properties? no idea what they are talking about here.
  20. M

    Finding the value of the ionization for an acid

    So this is probably going to look like a ridiculously easy question, but I'm stumped. I have searched for hours looking for a formula to use, and I've given up on my text. Question: A 0.1 mol/L aqueous solution of weak monoprotic acid has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.001 mol/L. The...
  21. 9

    Second ionization energy for sodium

    i need help with this homework question I am having problems with... Explain why the first ionization energy for sodium is much smaller than the second ionization energy for sodium.
  22. T

    Ionization Energy: Finding with Charge & Electron Level

    How can you find the Ionization Energy if given the charge and electron level?
  23. B

    Help for Ionization Arranging and Explanation

    1. a) Arrange the following atoms or ions in order of increasing radius: Cl, S2-, K, K+, O b) Give an explanation for the position of S2- in relation to the atom or ion that comes just before and just after it. I was not sure that is why i am posting these.. my answer is...
  24. W

    Ionization Potential and Work Function

    Do Ionization Potential values include or exclude the work function of the electron removal process? For example: The IP value for hydrogen is 13.6 eV. Is the true IP 13.6 eV or 13.6 - WF (ca. 4 eV) = 9.6 eV roughly?
  25. P

    Understanding Li's Outermost Electron Ionization Energy

    Can someone please help me understand the following question? The ionization energy of the outermost electron in Li is 5.390 eV. What is the effective charge seen by the outermost electron? (Li has 2 energy levels)
  26. N

    Theory Of The Ionization Of Gases By Laser Beams

    THEORY OF THE IONIZATION OF GASES BY LASER BEAMS could anyone help me about is theory ican't find it plase iknow i ask a lot :blushing: but sometime my mad don't work enough :confused:
  27. I

    Calculating Alpha Particle Ionization Spacing: 4 MeV

    Anyone know how to calculate the average spacing between successive ionizations of alpha particles? My case is with 4 MeV particles.
  28. L

    Question- difference between plasma and ionization?

    Could someone please explain the difference between a gas that has entered its plasma state and an ionized gas?
  29. N

    Ionization Energy: Explain Metal-Nonmetal Oxide Reactions

    When metal oxides react with water, the oxygen generally ends up as the hydroxide ion, separate from the metal. In contrast, when nonmetallic oxides react with water, the oxygen ends up as part of the nonmetals species. What connection is there between this contrasting behaviour of metal and...
  30. N

    Ionization energy and bonding

    When metal oxides react with water, the oxygen generally ends up as the hydroxide ion, separate from the metal. In contrast, when nonmetallic oxides react with water, the oxygen ends up as part of the nonmetals species. What connection is there between this contrasting behaviour of metal and...
  31. M

    Ionization of air with a laser

    Hi I am trying to work out what ionization occurs passing laser light through air. I am trying to find out what the radius of ionized air would be, what distance it would cover (eg 1m, 2m etc...) and what the power of the laser would have to be. How would I go about working this out? Does...
  32. H

    Excitation, ionization, TEMPERATURE?

    excitation, ionization, TEMPERATURE?? When atomic electrons are excited or ionized, do they contribute to temparature rise?? If yes, what energy of the electron is significant in this case??
  33. I

    Ionization Energies Calculation

    How do you go about calculating the ionization energies from atoms? Electron affinities? (KJ/mol) for example, "Calculate the change in energy from the first and fourth ionization energies of Be?" Recently on a test (CHEM AP HIGH SCHOOL), I had a question similar to this on an exam. I...
  34. Y

    Lowest Ionization Potential: Atom e (55 133 Cs)

    Which of the following atoms has the lowest ionization potential? a. 2 4 He b. 7 14 N c. 8 16 O d. 18 40 Ar e. 55 133 Cs The answer is e. Can someone explain the general concepts and reasoning behind this? Thanks, --YG
  35. STAii

    Ionization Energy and Stable Ions

    Greetings ! I have a little question. My teacher was talking about stable ions some days ago, he wanted to explain why do we have certain stable ions in ionic compounds and we don't have other ions. For example, we notice that the stable ion of Na (in its compunds) is Na+1 and not Na+2 or...
  36. S

    I need detailed information about the ionization of atomic hydrogen

    Please I need detailed information about the ionization of atomic hydrogen , quantum states , values of energies ... etc
Back
Top