What is Nozzle: Definition and 172 Discussions

A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (especially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe.
A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In a nozzle, the velocity of fluid increases at the expense of its pressure energy.

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  1. T

    Looking for Rocket Nozzle Equations

    Howdie. This may not be the forum for this, but I am having trouble finding a forum on rocket science. Specifically, it is easy to find various equations for rocket chamber and nozzle design, but they all leave out the crucial equations that relate parabolic nozzle, divergent section...
  2. P

    Average speed of the gasoline as it leaves the nozzle?

    Homework Statement It takes 2 minutes to fill a gas tank with 40 liters of gasoline. If the nozzle is 1cm in radius, what is the average speed of the gasoline as it leaves the nozzle? Homework Equations A1V1=A2v2 or 1/2pv^2 + pgh+p=constant The Attempt at a Solution I don't really...
  3. L

    Have Any Information on Aerospike Nozzle for a Mechanical Engineering Project?

    hiiii i am a graduate student. i am planning a project on aerospike nozzle. if anybody has any information on it please share it with me you can reply here or pm me.
  4. kandelabr

    Can water be propelled at supersonic speeds from a small hole?

    Homework Statement suppose we have a water reservoir with some pressure in it and a small hole through which the water exits. on the other side, there is just atmosphere. by increasing pressure on the "water side", the velocity of exiting water increases. what happens when pressure is large...
  5. J

    How to Calculate Gas Exit Velocity in a De Laval Nozzle?

    Newby de laval nozzle ? I am experimenting with de laval nozzles. I am trying to make a nozzle that operates at room temprature and moderatly low pressure. This is the equation I have found for calculating area of throat. At = (q / Pt) x SQRT[ (R' x Tt) / (M x k) ] At= area of...
  6. J

    Adiabatic steady state flow in a nozzle

    air enters an adaibatic nozzle steadily at 300 kPa, 200 degree celcius and 30m/s and leaves at 100 kPa and 180 m/s. find the exit temperature? when m using energy balance equation: h1 + [ (v1)^2 / 2 ] = h2 + [(v2)^2 / 2 ] i get the answer 184 degree celcius. but when i use the other...
  7. M

    Designing a 2D Nozzle for Fluid Testing

    HI, I'm constructing a 2D nozzle for fluid testing. I have made my nozzle X5 larger and taken a 1/8" slice. Now I'm having trouble designing the 2d nozzle so that the exiting air will have a velocity of 3ft/s. I must maintain an Re number of 1000 as well. My problem lies in that fact that. I...
  8. V

    Isentropic Efficiency - Nozzle

    Hey guys, I have been given that the isentropic efficiency of a nozzle = 90%. Inlet condictions are: 5MPa and 550°C and exit: 100kPa. Now \eta_{n}(h_{i} - h_{0}) = V^{2}_{i}/2 h(o) - h(i) is the enthalpy drop across the turbine. Now next they say that s(o) = s(i). Now how can the entropy at...
  9. V

    How Does Fluid Flow in Nozzles Impact Jet Engine Noise?

    Hi I am trying to reduce the noise from jet thrust in the Turbofan/Turbojet Engine. 1.what type of flow, the hot gases (from the turbine) behaves before existing the Nozzle in the Turbofan/Turbojet Engine? 2.Explain the Flow properties and it's behaviour in the Nozzle Ryan
  10. S

    How does a nozzle work (in a steam turbine)?

    Hello, For sometime now I've been into electronics and i have forgotten most of my meager knowledge in thermodynamics. . Could you explain how a convergent-divergent nozzle works ? Steam at high temperature and high pressure but relatively low speed enters into the nozzle. Then why...
  11. C

    Solving Water Nozzle Problem: Ratio of Plug Radius to Hose Radius

    THE PROBLEM In an adjustable nozzle for a garden hose, a cylindrical plug is aligned along the axis of the hose and can be inserted into the hose opening. The purpose of the plug is to change the speed of the water leaving the hose. The speed of the water passing around the plug is to be 4...
  12. H

    Modelling a fluid in nozzle with an unsteady flow

    Hello My friends , I want to deal with a nozzle in an unsteady flow , what methodology should I use in your opinion to solve it using Computational Fluid Dynamics and using Fluent software . Thanks in advance
  13. A

    Converging diverging nozzle

    i just started reading about nozzles and turbines in my semester course. i went through converging diverging nozzles. for achieving a supersonic flow, a converging diverging nozzle is used. now a converging section will work as a nozzle only till the flow is subsonic and a diffuser at supersonic...
  14. S

    What is the pressure of CO2 at the nozzle exit of a rocket?

    Homework Statement Initial mass of the rocket is M = 30 x 10^3 kg, while its initial acceleration a = 3g. The rocket has four nozzles of diameter D = 20 cm each. Burning fuel leaves the nozzle with velocity v = 2.0 km/s having temperature T = 600◦C. Assuming fuel is burned completely and the...
  15. L

    Free energy? increasing speed of a fluid in a nozzle

    I have a tube 1 m long and 1 m wide with an ideal fluid inside with a pressure of 1 bar. I conect that tube of 1*1m with another tube of 1m long and 0.5m wide and this connected to another tube of 1 m and 0.25 m wide and so on So i have a tube in which every 1 m of length the wideness of...
  16. P

    How does a gas turbine nozzle work?

    all i know about nozzle is that, it converts high temperature, low velocity air to low temperature, high velocity air. But how does that happen? is it the bernoulii law? Plz friends help me out and give me full details make it complex as much as u can. I want to know the A-Z about nozzles. I...
  17. T

    Fluids: Nozzle Force Question

    Homework Statement A nozzle has a radius of 25mm. Water emerges at the rate of 750L/min. Find the force with which the nozzle must be held.Homework Equations F = m \times a \Delta m / \Delta t = pAv A_1 \times v_1 = A_2 \times v_2 R = vA The Attempt at a Solution I've so far been able to...
  18. R

    Calculating time to eject liquid from cylinder with nozzle

    Say I have a device that looks like a large syringe, filled with some liquid (water). On the "plunger" side I have a flat plate say, that holds the water in the cylinder. On the "nozzle" side, the water is hold in by some cover. I eject the water by striking the flat plate with a weight of...
  19. B

    Pressure Equalization at Nozzle Exit: Why We Need It

    why do we need the pressure at the exit of nozzle to be equal to that of the outside pressure?
  20. F

    Calculating Water Speed Leaving Hose Nozzle

    Suppose you adjust your garden hose nozzle for a hard stream of water. You point the nozzle vertically upward at a height of 1.5m above the ground. When you quickly move away from the vertical you hear the water striking the ground next to you for another 2.0s. What is the water speed as it...
  21. J

    Velocity of air through an open nozzle

    I am trying to figure the velocity of air through an open nozzle. We are contemplating using air to dry parts on an conveyer. I am curious to know how much CFM will be expeled. I have searched many of my refrence books with no success. If the compressor which is also providing air for several...
  22. E

    Divergent nozzle problem (find velocity)

    Determine change in velocity across ideal divergent nozzle with inlet enthalpy of 1,204 Btu/lbm and exit enthalpy of 1,203.91 Btu/lbm I know that delta v^2=(.09btu/lb)*(2)*(32.2lbm*ft/lbf sec^2)(778ftlbf/btu) so: deltav^2=4509.29ft^2/sec^2 taking the sqrt deltav=67.15ft/sec My...
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