What is Spectroscopy: Definition and 332 Discussions

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation. In simpler terms, spectroscopy is the precise study of color as generalized from visible light to all bands of the electromagnetic spectrum; indeed, historically, spectroscopy originated as the study of the wavelength dependence of the absorption by gas phase matter of visible light dispersed by a prism. Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy, and recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).
Spectroscopy, primarily in the electromagnetic spectrum, is a fundamental exploratory tool in the fields of physics, chemistry, and astronomy, allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated at the atomic, molecular and macro scale, and over astronomical distances. Important applications arise from biomedical spectroscopy in the areas of tissue analysis and medical imaging.

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  1. P

    What Does the Vibrational Mode Analysis Reveal About the Geometry of (NO)2+?

    Homework Statement For (NO)2+, experiments show 1 Raman active vibrational mode around 1450/cm; 2 strong IR active modes at 2400/cm and 550/cm; and 1 weak IR active mode around 3600/cm. What does that say about its geometry? The Attempt at a Solution Never mind, I think I got it :)
  2. R

    What Are Some Recommended Graduate Level Texts on Stellar Spectroscopy?

    I seek a suitable and current graduate level text on astronomical spectroscopy. The desired emphasis is on stellar sources. I would appreciate recommendations.
  3. M

    Spectroscopy: What Do I See When I Combine Red & Green Beams?

    I have two monochromatic beams, one green, one red. I combine the beams together and get a single yellow beam. I pass the yellow beam through a spectroscope and determine its spectrum. What do I see? A red band and a green band? A yellow band? I suspect that what I'd see is: A green band...
  4. J

    Is it possible to use spectroscopy to see vibrations in a material?

    As I was walking to work yesterday, I thought about how each step I took on the concrete sidewalk spread phonons out in all directions. (Let me know if I'm misusing the term phonons.) Which brought me to the question in the title.
  5. R

    What Is the Orbital Angular Momentum of an Electron in the 3p State?

    Hello everyone, hope you are all well. I would like to ask a simple spectroscopy question please. "An electron has been excited from the ground state to the 3p state. Find the orbital angular momentum of the electron" This is my interpritation of the question, 3p means n=3 thus...
  6. G

    Understanding NMR Spectroscopy: What is P, I & m_I?

    I'm trying to teach myself the theory behind NMR spectroscopy, but I am having some trouble with some pchem/physics concepts that I have never seen before. The chapter I am currently on talks about the quantization of nuclear angular momentum. What I don't understand is, what is the...
  7. N

    Astronomy Spectroscopy help

    Hello all, I am currently doing a 3rd year Astronomy and Astrophysics course and I am having some trouble with the current problem set (this is mainly because our teacher doesn't really teach us anything but that's another story). This is the question in particular that is bothering me...
  8. J

    Why are the emission lines in the Crab Nebula split into two?

    I'm doing a project on the Crab Nebula for my first-year astronomy class and I am finding the spectroscopy a bit puzzling. What I have read is that the normal emission line for a particular gas is split into two, one red shifted and one blue shifted. This of course is accounted for by the Dopler...
  9. K

    Question on Emission Spectroscopy

    I have a question which was found on my Pre-lab Q> State the equation that is used to determine the energy content of a packet of light of specific frequency. Tried googling it,but couldn't find the answer.
  10. S

    Grating Spectroscopy Theory for Undergraduate Lab Assignment

    OK, I have a lab assignment on absorbtion spectra. The nuts and bolts of generating a spectrum are a) pretty clear to me and b) nothing to do with quantum mechanics, but a large part of the assignment is theory on why the spectrum looks the way it does. The sample is vapour of molecular iodine...
  11. J

    Spectroscopy Lab Conceptual Question

    Can someone explain why an absorbance maxium is always used for an assay. What problems would occur if an absorbance minimum were used to get an Absorbance spectrum of a solution? thanks.
  12. F

    Where do the peaks in gamma spectroscopy originate from?

    Hello. Where do the peaks observed in gamma spectroscopy come from? May some specific angles for diffraction be a reason?
  13. S

    X-Ray Spectroscopy: Calculating Wavelength & Angle

    An x-ray photon has a characteristic energy of 2.320keV. Determine its equivalent wavelenth in nm and the angle at which you would set a WD spectrometer containing an ADP dispersing crystal with an effective d spacing of 10.64A. I would appreciate any help on this question please, i don't...
  14. Gokul43201

    Spectroscopy Discussion Thread

    The intent of this thread (for now) is to introduce the basic theoretic principles of rotational/vibrational spectroscopy, follow this up with a brief sketch of the expermiental techniques and finally zoom in on the experimental and theoretical aspects of a specific technique of recent interest...
  15. P

    Split from Spectroscopy Discussion Thread

    A laser in visible is used in Raman spectroscopy and the resultant spectrum is in IR and Microwave region(which means molecular vibrations and rotations are excited), what type of interaction is this that induces these levels? ( I cannot think more than..."To be Raman active molecules should...
  16. P

    Raman spectroscopy is Single molecule identification

    Raman spectroscopy is "Single molecule identification" Hi , I heard that the speciality of Raman spectroscopy is "Single molecule identification", it'd be really great if somebody can tell me HOW! because its surely going to be a question in my exam! Thanks in advance.
  17. I

    Ultimate Guide to Mastering Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy in Just 3 Months

    Hello, I am about to do a summer project on" ultrafast laser spectroscopy". three months left. Now i am an M.Sc.( MS equivalent ) student and I know little about this topic. can anyone provide me with some material for a crash course?
  18. P

    Why Can't Vibrational Spectroscopy be Pure?

    Why is it not possible to obtain a pure vibrational spectrum(IR-spectrum) of a molecule? (vibrational spectrum always contains lines of rotational energies)
  19. M

    Understanding Spectroscopy: Answers to Common Questions | Lab Experiments"

    I have two Spectroscopy questions from a "lab" I need to answer. From what I know, Mercury doesn't just emmit blue, yellow, and green light, but also a very significant proportion of ultraviolet light. Since you can't see ultraviloet light, they pressurize the bulbs of Hg gas so it shifts the...
  20. P

    Experimental Set-up for EMISSION & REFLECTION Spectroscopy: Is it Easy?

    Hi, I went to my proff to ask for my master thesis, he told me that you yourself have to do the experimental set-up for EMISSION AND REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY ,,,but I am not that experienxed, anybody knows is it an easy task or...?
  21. P

    Raman Spectroscopy: Unique Features & Benefits

    raman spectroscopy! Hi, can anybody please tell what is the speciality of Raman spectroscopy and how it differs from other techniques?? does it have any uniqueness? more info is welcomed! thanks in advance.
  22. S

    Electron Detection spectroscopy

    In the electron detection using Silicon Detector ,Liquid nitrogen is used to cool the system . why is it used. What is "sweating" which is caused if the detector is not in vaccum,when kept in liq. nitogen Thanking you in advance. :rofl:
  23. G

    Atomic absorption spectroscopy

    I am having major trouble trying to figure the concentration of a substance that is given by the AAS. Here's the question: To determine the iron content in a 'Milo' milk drink, a 5ml sample was diluted to 50ml. the absorption of the diluted solution and of several standard solution were...
  24. G

    UV visible spectroscopy

    Howdy, i was wondering is anyone knows how a UV-visible spectroscopy works and how it differs to a double beam scanning spectrophotometer? i know that UV visible spectroscopy needs a radiation source that is passed into a silt and then in a monochromator but how do u know how to...
  25. C

    Why does precession occur in Muon Spectroscopy?

    I've been doing some research on Muon spectroscopy, and am not that far in the physics world yet. I've got kind of a fuzzy picture of what goes on, but could use some help in identifying some key concepts. The information I have been getting is from the following paper Muon-Spin Rotation...
  26. R

    Ultraviolet spectroscopy -

    This assignment is based on the structure and properties of atoms and molecules. I have to summarize their findings in a report with the following format: 1st paragraph: a hand sketch with of Ultraviolet spectroscopy components, all components of Ultraviolet spectroscopy, and how it is used...
  27. E

    Books recommendations about Infrared Spectroscopy of Solids

    Recently I took an introductory course on Group Theory applied to chemistry, and learned about symmetry applied to molecular vibrations and how to detemine the detection of the vibrational nodes in IR and Raman Spectroscopy. My interest is to be able to use Infrared spectroscopy to...
  28. C

    Why is energy important in Infra-red spectroscopy?

    Infra-red spectroscopy... I have been taught that with Infra-red spectroscopy, when different infrared wavelengths are fired at the sample when we reach the correct frequency we can cause the atoms in the bond to resonate as they absorb the correct energy. My question is why does it have to do...
  29. A

    Infrared spectroscopy of a cyclic alkene

    At school we extracted limonene from orange peels and we had to make an IR spectroscopy for it but I don't see anywhere how we can know the product has a ring constitution... I see a lot of information about aromatic rings but nothing for an alkene ring... Can anybody help me?
  30. U

    What Is the Value of m in the Balmer Series Equation for Spectroscopy Analysis?

    In a lab, our class looked at a hydrogen lamp and calculated the wavelengths of the color red, blue and green. I needed to verify that only Balmer lines are visible using the equation: 1/lambda=R(1/m^2)-(1/n^2) It says that R is Rydbergs constant and I need to find n. It says that m is the...
  31. U

    Exploring the Balmer Series with Spectroscopy

    I'm learning about quantum physics and did an experiement in my class. It's a spectroscopy activity where you place a hydrogen lamp in front of a defraction grating. We must verify that only the Balmer lines are visible but why do I only observe the Balmer series lines and not others?
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