A tire (American English) or tyre (British English) is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface over which the wheel travels. Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, are pneumatically inflated structures, which also provide a flexible cushion that absorbs shock as the tire rolls over rough features on the surface. Tires provide a footprint, called a contact patch, that is designed to match the weight of the vehicle with the bearing strength of the surface that it rolls over by providing a bearing pressure that will not deform the surface excessively.
The materials of modern pneumatic tires are synthetic rubber, natural rubber, fabric and wire, along with carbon black and other chemical compounds. They consist of a tread and a body. The tread provides traction while the body provides containment for a quantity of compressed air. Before rubber was developed, the first versions of tires were simply bands of metal fitted around wooden wheels to prevent wear and tear. Early rubber tires were solid (not pneumatic). Pneumatic tires are used on many types of vehicles, including cars, bicycles, motorcycles, buses, trucks, heavy equipment, and aircraft. Metal tires are still used on locomotives and railcars, and solid rubber (or other polymer) tires are still used in various non-automotive applications, such as some casters, carts, lawnmowers, and wheelbarrows.
1) Problem Statement:
A car travels forward with constant velocity. It goes over a small stone, which gets stuck in the groove of a tire. The initial acceleration of the stone, as it leaves the surface of the road, is
(A) vertically upward
(B) horizontally forward
(C) horizontally backward
(D)...
A question in regards to rolling resistance. Am I wrong in thinking that not everything you hit on the road with your tire effects your gas mileage? Don't tires have a tolerance in terms of how much energy they can absorb before it effects your traction, therefore effecting your gas mileage...
I have a question about work. In a lil debate over something related to work.. and my question is, if a car runs over a quarter laying flat on the ground, will the quarter being doing work on the tire? I say yes.. because when the tire rolls over the quarter, it is putting force on the quarter...
Urgent help required! I need to simulate a rolling non-rigid tyre on a ground with obstacle(s). How should i proceed with ansys 14.5? Any help will be deeply appreciated.
Rg. Without air resistance, show the maximum height snow can reach is h_max=R+v^2/(2g)+gR^2/(2v^2)
Solve using conservation of energy
How do I start this problem? I assume all the initial kinetic energy ((mv^2)/2) from the spinning of the tire is translated to the gravitational potential energy...
Homework Statement
A bicycle tire rotates at 30 radians/s. If the bicyclist travels at 10 m/s, what is the diameter of the tire? Homework Equations
I found; for angular speed, w=v/r
and for linear speed; v=rw
where v=m/s
and w=radians/s
So if i am thinking correctly, i already know my angular...
Homework Statement
A tire is rolling along a road, without slipping, with a velocity v. A piece of tape is attached to the tire. When the tape is opposite the road (at the top of the tire), it's velocity with respect to the road is
Homework Equations
v=ω×rThe Attempt at a Solution
Well the...
1. in a tire-throwing competition, a man holding a 23.5 kg car tire quickly swings the tire through three full turns and releases it, much like a discus thrower. the tire starts from rest and is then accelerated in a circular path. the orbital radius "r" for the tire's center of mass is 1.10 m...
Homework Statement
A car is moving at 65 mph and hits a puddle of water 1 inch deep. What is the shear stress on the tire from the puddle of water if the radius of the tire is 16 inches.
r = 16 inches
u = 65 mph
y = 1 inch
mu = viscosity = 2.344*10^-5 lbf*s/ft^2
Homework Equations
angular...
Even numbered book problem
Homework Statement
A person goes for a drive, and after, measured by the odometer, reads 37.35 miles in length. This person then replaces the tires with new ones and goes for the same drive, however, now the odometer reads 36.68 miles. Obviously the new tires are...
When I got an oil change at my car dealership, I was told that my car needed new tires. I've had them since I got the car 40,000 miles ago. They said that they were "in the red", which I took as meaning they needed to be changed immediately. Well, when I got the car home, I looked at the tires...
8) The diameter of a car's tire is 52cm. While the car is being driven, the tire picks up a nail.
a) Draw a graph of the height of the nail above the ground in terms of the distance the car has traveled since the tire picked up the nail.
For this part, I drew a graph with the max 52, the mid 26...
Hello!
I have some basic questions about tire surfaces..specifically the lugs and I wonder if anyone can help. They are:
1) On a new tire, are the lugs flat?
2) On a worn tire, are the lugs flat?
I understand there are a variety of different tire wear conditions that can affect the...
Hi,
And thank you for your time! :)
I've been studying and coding for more than a month on a physics engine for car driving simulation.
Right now, I'm trying to change the whole tire model currently based on Pacejka for a more advanced one.
After quite a lot of reading on the topic, I decided...
Homework Statement
Before embarking on a car trip from Michigan to Florida to escape the winter cold, you inflate the tires of your car to a manufacturer-suggested pressure of 33.5 psi while the outside temperature is 26.1 °F and then make sure your valve caps are airtight. You arrive in...
Hi all,
During steady state cornering which tire of the same axle experiences the higher side force? I believe the external one for higher normal load due to the weight lateral transfer. Is it true?
In a recent lecture,I learned that the friction coefficient "mu" between the tire and road surface is determined experimentally by using a graph. i.e a graph between the longitudinal tire force and the longitudinal slip. Well,how did engineers emperically arrive at such a graph in the first...
Thanks to anyone who cares to read or respond. I've never taken a physics class so really all I have is "it seems to me". But I would like what seems to me to make sense.
Scenario. I have a motorcycle, in a steady-state corner(a circle), say 40 feet in diameter. And motorcycle is traversing...
Homework Statement
A 1.2 g pebble is stuck in a tread of a 0.76 m diameter automobile tire, held in place by static friction that can be at most 3.6 N. The car starts from rest and gradually accelerates on a straight road. How fast is the car moving when the pebble flies out of the tire...
Homework Statement
A 1.2 g pebble is stuck in a tread of a 0.76 m diameter automobile tire, held in place by static friction that can be at most 3.6 N. The car starts from rest and gradually accelerates on a straight road. How fast is the car moving when the pebble flies out of the tire tread...
Homework Statement
A car whose wheels are of radius r feet is driven at a speed v. A pebble is thrown from one of the wheels.
A. Neglecting air resistance, find the max height above the roadway which the pebble can reach as a function of r, g, and v.
B. For very small values of v, what does...
Hi everyone, stumbled across this forum in my quest for answers regarding my tire warmers
Righto I purchased some pretty flash tire warmers for my 1198s ducati from the US I saved a heap. I bought them with the intentions of buying a step down transformer (240V to 120V 2000W), I have made some...
Hi,
I am trying to analyze the effects of pressure on the automotive t=ire by modeling and simulating the same in ANSYS workbench. However, I am having trouble applying material conditions to the model.
I wish to use mooney rivlin material but when I apply that based on the guidance given by...
Homework Statement
Your right rear tire normally has to support a weight of 3000N. The contact area of your tire with the road is 200 square cm. If the pressure in your tire is suddenly reduced from 32 pounds psi to 16 pounds psi, what must be the new contact area to support the car...
I am hoping you all could help me. I have been accused of a felony based on these tire marks. I did not make these marks! I do not even think my truck is capable! I am wondering if there is a way for the law of physics to prove this. I am posting all of the information I have that I thought...
Cannot find any scientific validation of product "Dyna Beads" for tire balancing.
I'm intrigued by the difficulty in locating any reputable scientific analysis of this method.
Google "Dyna Beads". Primary vendor of these tire balancing beads is the following company...
Hi everyone.
I need to create a mechanism involving a 12" diameter horizontal tire, spinning at 3000RPM, with 2kg mass. The wheel will be attached to a spinning shaft.
The only thing, I need to support the wheel from the bottom using flat bearings of some sort, so it can spin freely...
Help needed for this question -- Air pressure in a bike tire
Homework Statement
The Pressure gauge on a bike pump reads 8 bar at sea level on a day when the temperature is 21°C. Assume that the gas constant for air is 286.9 J/Kg K
a) What is the density of the air in the tyre?
b) What is the...
Homework Statement
We are modeling the behavior of a sack truck when driven over a small step. Afterwords we will do some tests with an actual sack truck to verify the model. The movement will be modeled simply like a spring-damping system only having one spring and one damper, thereby...
Hello all,
Just trying to find a formula and need some help.
If a tire is 22 inches in diameter, what are the RPMs of the outer diameter of a 22 inch tire versus the RPMs of the outer diameter of a 2.5 inch center cap, on a car traveling 30 MPH?
Are they the same, or are the rotations of the...
Hello everybody,
Im trying to model a system made by a suspension and a tire for a vehicle simulator written in c#.
I modeled both the suspension and the tire as a spring and a damper.
So the model is formed by a spring and a damper in parallel (the suspension) in series with another spring...
Homework Statement
A spot of paint on a bicycle tire moves in a circular path of radius .33m. When the spot has traveled a linear distance of 1.66m, through what angle has the tire rotated?
Homework Equations
v=rw
w=2∏/T
The Attempt at a Solution
1.66=2∏/T
1.66T=2∏
100∏/83
Please help settle this argument I had with a friend. We both have fast FWD cars, and on road courses we both have problems with oversteer (where the back of the car slides out on corners). He says if I put wider tires on the rear of my car, I will have less oversteer.
My understanding of...
Imagine an ordinary car wheel with rubber tire, installed in a car axle. So the weight of the car (some of the weight of course, because there are 4 wheels) is pressing on it. Let's denote this pressure of the air in the tire as P_{c}.
Now the same wheel (with its rim and tire) remove from...
Homework Statement
The tires on a new car have a radius of .275 meters and are warranted for 75,000km
a)what is the angle in radians that one of these tires will rotate thru in the warranty period?
b) how many revolutions does this make?Homework Equations
1rev = 2pi radians
circumference =...
Homework Statement
A bicycle tire is to start with flat and has a pressure of one atmosphere. It is then pumped such that the pressure is 4atm, when the air inside the tire has the same temperature as before.
a) How much air has been pumped into the bicycle tire?
b) What is the temperature of...
Do any of you know just a general range of friction coefficients for tires? I'm working out some braking problems, but can't really find anything searching online.
Hello,
Just to check if anyone is able to help on this:
As we generally know, lateral force on vehicle is also more commonly known as cornering force.
In a situation where all external parameters are kept constant, i.e road temperature, road surface friction coefficient, same exact tire...
Hello,
First of all - I love this forum - so many interesting topics!
My question is quite complicated - at least for me. My high level goal is to measure lean angle based on the difference of speeds between the front wheel of the bike vs the 'real speed' (let's just assume I have the...
Please look at picture for details...
Is the reason why Force (F) does not create a torque when applied at the given point on the tire because it is pulling against the axis with a Force (F) towards the right and at the same time the axis pulls back with an equal force magnitude but opposite...
If a tire is punctured (or if any container full of air is holed) the air starts to leak out. Consider a small area A of the wall of the container. Show that the number of molecules striking this surface in a time interval Δt is
pAΔt/2m<Vx>
p is the pressure
m is the average mass of the...
Homework Statement
A nearly flat bicycle tire becomes noticeably warmer after it has been pumped up. Approximate this process as a reversible adiabatic compression. Take the initial P and T of the air (before it is put into the tire) to be 1.00 bar and 298.0K. The final volume of air (after it...
I am not smart enough to know the answer to this question. My son is being accused of touching a bike yes touching on the seat a bike on a bike rack which the school is claiming made both tires pop. The only way i see this as possible is if the bike owner aired the tires up in the morning around...
Homework Statement
At takeoff, a commercial jet has a speed of 60.0 m/s. Its tires have a diameter of
0.850 m.
(a) At how many rpm are the tires rotating?
(b) What is the centripetal acceleration at the edge of the tire?
(c) With what force must a determined 10-15 kg bacterium cling...
Homework Statement
Why should we check pressure in a tire when the tire is cold?
Homework Equations
...
The Attempt at a Solution
After Googling around, I found a statement saying that when a tire is "cold," it means that it is at 'room' temperature, or the surrounding air in this...
Anybody know where I can find data on normal street-tire friction coefficients on dry asphalt? I'd like both the static, and the kinetic coefficients. If not, can somebody give me a range of reasonable values?
While I'm at it... What about racing slicks on asphalt?
I found one source...
Homework Statement
The top-selling Red and Voss tire is rated 60000 miles, which means nothing. In fact, the distance the tires can run until wear-out is a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 75000 miles and a standard deviation of 5000 miles.
A. What is the probability...
Diagram = http://i.imgur.com/LaUO4.jpg
The tire is powered by a motor of torque T. It's weight is W and the static friction force is Fs. Consider that the tire is moving upwards in a constant speed of V.
I would like to understand the relations between forces on a model like above.
Also how...