DrClaude said:
I never heard of such a convention. Rather, I think that the arrows denote the polarity of the bond, and not the dipole moment. But admittedly, for a non-bonding pair there is n't much sense in speaking of the polarity.DrClaude said:
The orbital dipole moment is a measure of the distribution of charge in an atom or molecule, specifically the distribution of the electrons in orbit around the nucleus. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
The orbital dipole moment is calculated by multiplying the charge on each electron by its distance from the nucleus and summing these values for all the electrons in the system. This calculation takes into account both the magnitude and direction of the charges, resulting in a vector quantity.
The orbital dipole moment is significant because it provides information about the polarizability and reactivity of a molecule. It also plays a role in determining the strength of intermolecular forces, such as dipole-dipole interactions.
The orbital dipole moment refers to the distribution of charge within an atom or molecule, while the molecular dipole moment refers to the overall separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule. The molecular dipole moment takes into account both the orbital dipole moments of each atom in the molecule and their arrangement in space.
Yes, the orbital dipole moment can be measured experimentally using techniques such as microwave spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy. These methods can provide information about the molecular structure and the distribution of charge within a molecule.