Air in water - effect on UV dose

In summary, the conversation is about a UV unit used for disinfection of potable water. The turbidity of the water is usually measured at 0.2 NTU in the lab, but the on-line analyzer sometimes reads above the detection limit of 30 NTU due to the presence of small air bubbles. The speaker understands why the water appears white and why the turbidity instrument gives spurious readings. They are concerned about whether the air bubbles affect the UV dose and absorbance, but it is confirmed that they do not have a significant impact. The speaker also mentions that reflections and refractions are not taken into account when sizing and flow rating the unit, and they would prefer to have no bubbles at all.
  • #1
mazee
2
0
Hi,

Imagine UV unit used for disinfection of potable water. The turbidity of water is ~0.2 NTU – measured in lab. However at times the on-line analyser for the unit reads above detection limit (>30 NTU) – due to air presence – lots of small air bubbles which clear if sample is left for ~15 minutes.

I understand why the sample of this “super aerated” water appears white (visible light refraction through multiple air-water and water-air inter-phases) and why on-line turbidity instrument has spurious readings (scatter instrument).

My concern is whether the presence of these air bubbles affects UV dose and absorbance?
In my understanding UV waves would just simply change direction multiple times inside the unit but the absorbance should not be increased (or increase would be negligible) similarly the dose would not change (much).

The unit is also equipped with UV dose sensor and this did not detect any significant changes when the air was present in the water which would confirm my thinking was correct.

Any advice on the issue would be appreciated. Thanks.
 
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  • #2
I would prefer to have no bubbles at all.

UV penetration as water flows through the unit is calculated only through absorption from water, no reflections / refractions are taken into account when sizing and flow rating such units.
 
  • #3
so are reflections/refractions not accounted for because their effect is negligible or undesired?
 

1. How does the presence of air in water affect the UV dose?

When air is present in water, it can significantly reduce the UV dose received by microorganisms. This is because air bubbles scatter and absorb UV light, preventing it from reaching the microorganisms.

2. Does the concentration of air in water affect the UV dose?

Yes, the concentration of air in water can have a significant impact on the UV dose. Higher concentrations of air can result in a greater reduction of UV dose, as there are more air bubbles present to scatter and absorb the UV light.

3. Can UV light still be effective in disinfecting water with air present?

Yes, UV light can still be effective in disinfecting water with air present, but the dose may need to be adjusted to compensate for the reduced UV dose caused by the air bubbles. This may require longer exposure times or higher UV intensities.

4. How does the temperature of the water affect the interaction between air and UV light?

Higher water temperatures can increase the amount of air that can dissolve in the water, resulting in more air bubbles and a greater reduction in UV dose. Additionally, warmer water may also have a lower UV transmittance, further reducing the effectiveness of UV disinfection.

5. What are some ways to minimize the effects of air on UV dose in water?

One way to minimize the effects of air on UV dose is to degas the water before it enters the UV disinfection system. This can be done by allowing the water to sit in a tank or by using a degassing chamber. Additionally, increasing the UV intensity or using longer exposure times can also compensate for the reduced UV dose caused by air bubbles.

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