Alexander's question via email about Laplace Transforms

In summary, Laplace Transforms are mathematical tools used to convert functions from the time domain to the complex frequency domain. They are commonly used in engineering and physics to solve differential equations and analyze system behavior. This is achieved by integrating a function of time multiplied by an exponential decaying factor. Laplace Transforms have a wide range of applications, including solving differential equations, analyzing system stability, and understanding frequency response. They differ from Fourier Transforms in that they can be used for non-periodic functions. To learn more about Laplace Transforms, there are many online resources available, but a strong understanding of calculus and differential equations is helpful.
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Evaluate $\displaystyle \mathcal{L}\left\{ H\left( t - 4 \right) \sin{ \left[ 6 \left( t - 4 \right) \right] } \,\mathrm{e}^{5\,t} \right\} $

The Heaviside function suggests a second shift, but to do that, the entire function needs to be a function of $\displaystyle t - 4$.

Let $\displaystyle u = t - 4 \implies t = u + 4$, then

$\displaystyle \begin{align*} \mathrm{e}^{5\,t} &= \mathrm{e}^{5\left( u + 4 \right) } \\ &= \mathrm{e}^{5\,u + 20} \\
&= \mathrm{e}^{5\left( t - 4 \right) + 20} \\ &= \mathrm{e}^{20}\,\mathrm{e}^{5\left( t - 4 \right) } \end{align*}$

So

$\displaystyle \begin{align*} \mathcal{L}\left\{ H \left( t - 4 \right) \sin{\left[ 6\left( t - 4 \right) \right] } \,\mathrm{e}^{5\,t} \right\} &= \mathrm{e}^{20}\,\mathcal{L}\left\{ H\left( t - 4 \right) \sin{ \left[ 6\left( t - 4 \right) \right] }\, \mathrm{e}^{5\left( t - 4 \right) } \right\} \\ &= \mathrm{e}^{20}\,\mathrm{e}^{-4\,s} \,\mathcal{L} \left\{ \sin{ \left( 6\,t \right) }\, \mathrm{e}^{5\,t} \right\} \textrm{ by the second shift theorem} \\ &= \mathrm{e}^{20 - 4\,s } \left[ \frac{6}{s^2 + 6^2} \right] _{s \to s - 5} \textrm{ by the first shift theorem} \\ &= \mathrm{e}^{20 - 4\,s} \left[ \frac{6}{\left( s - 5 \right) ^2 + 36} \right] \end{align*}$
 
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1. What are Laplace Transforms?

Laplace Transforms are mathematical tools used to convert a function from the time domain to the frequency domain. They are commonly used in engineering and physics to solve differential equations.

2. How do Laplace Transforms work?

Laplace Transforms involve taking a function of time and transforming it into a function of complex frequency. This is done by integrating the function with a complex exponential term, and the result is known as the Laplace Transform of the original function.

3. What are the applications of Laplace Transforms?

Laplace Transforms have a wide range of applications in engineering and physics. They are commonly used to solve differential equations, analyze control systems, and study electrical circuits.

4. What is the difference between Laplace Transforms and Fourier Transforms?

Both Laplace Transforms and Fourier Transforms are used to convert functions from the time domain to the frequency domain. However, Laplace Transforms are more general and can be applied to functions with exponential growth or decay, while Fourier Transforms are limited to periodic functions.

5. Are there any limitations to using Laplace Transforms?

One limitation of Laplace Transforms is that they can only be applied to functions that are defined for all positive values of time. They also require advanced mathematical knowledge and can be challenging to understand and apply for complex functions.

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