Are plane waves actually spherical waves at large distance?

In summary, the conversation discusses the generation of plane waves from spherical waves at large distances. The speaker doubts that any plane wave can be generated from a spherical wave, but the other person argues that at very large distances, spherical waves can be approximated as plane waves to first order. The speaker then asks if the mathematical proof for this argument is acceptable, but it is not considered sufficient evidence as it only shows one characteristic and does not derive the equation for a plane wave.
  • #1
Arup Biswas
34
2
I am doubting that any plane wave is generated from a spherical wave. At large distance the radii of curvature becomes so large that we can think it as plane. Like we se Earth surface as plane though it is spherical. Is it true? I have a mathematical proof for my argument!
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  • #2
At very large distances spherical waves are approximately plane waves (to first order)
 
  • #3
Dale said:
At very large distances spherical waves are approximately plane waves (to first order)
Is the proof acceptable??
 
  • #4
Arup Biswas said:
Is the proof acceptable??
I wouldn’t accept it as proof. It shows one characteristic, but doesn’t derive the equation for a plane wave.
 

1. How are plane waves and spherical waves different?

Plane waves are characterized by being flat and extending infinitely in all directions, while spherical waves are characterized by a curved wavefront that radiates outwards from a single point source. This makes plane waves suitable for describing phenomena that are uniform in all directions, while spherical waves are more suitable for describing point sources or spherical objects.

2. At what distance do plane waves become spherical waves?

Plane waves can be approximated as spherical waves at large distances from the source, typically when the distance is much larger than the wavelength of the wave. This is known as the far-field or Fraunhofer region.

3. How do plane waves transform into spherical waves at large distances?

As a plane wave propagates through space, it spreads out and becomes less and less planar. At large distances, the wavefront becomes more curved and eventually takes on a spherical shape, resembling a spherical wave.

4. What are some applications of plane waves and spherical waves?

Plane waves are commonly used in optics and acoustics, as well as in the analysis of electromagnetic fields. Spherical waves are often used to describe the behavior of point sources, such as stars or atoms, and are also used in applications such as sonar and ultrasound imaging.

5. Are plane waves and spherical waves the only types of waves?

No, there are many other types of waves, including cylindrical waves, Bessel waves, and more. The type of wave that is most appropriate to use depends on the specific situation and the shape of the source or object producing the wave.

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