Calorimetry: Thermal energy going into translational KE

In summary, the conversation discusses the scenario of a cup of boiling water cooling to room temperature and the resulting translational kinetic energy causing the cup to fly off the table. The calculations involve determining the thermal energy released and converting it to joules, as well as considering the degrees of freedom of the water molecules and using the equation for kinetic energy to calculate the velocity of the cup. The final answer is approximately 560 m/s.
  • #1
lolcat
15
0

Homework Statement



Suppose a cup of boiling water (m=250g) instantaneously cools to room temperature (25°C) with the liberated thermal energy going into translational KE. How fast will the cup fly off the table? Assume the water molecules have 18 degrees of freedom.

Homework Equations



Q=mcΔT
Uwater=9nRT (not sure about this one)


The Attempt at a Solution



So what I first did was try to calculate Q:

Q=mcΔT
Q=(250g)(1)(25-100)
Q=-18750 cal

I then converted calories to joules:

-18750 cal x 4.186 J = -78487.5 J.

I am not sure where to go after this. Any help?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Update:

I'm guessing that since the cup is on a horizontal table, the degrees of freedom is 9. Therefore the energy must be halved.

Q = 39243.75 J

Plug it into:

KE = (1/2)mv2

v2 = (2KE) / m
= (2*39243.75) / .250
= 313950

√v2 = √313950
v = 560 m/s

Can anyone confirm that this is correct?
 
  • #3
Any help?
 

1. What is calorimetry?

Calorimetry is the scientific measurement of heat transfer, specifically the measurement of the thermal energy going into translational kinetic energy. It involves using a calorimeter, a device that measures changes in temperature, to determine the amount of heat transferred between two substances.

2. How does calorimetry work?

Calorimetry works by using a known heat source, such as a burning fuel, to transfer heat to a known mass of water in a calorimeter. The change in temperature of the water is measured and used to calculate the heat energy transferred from the source.

3. What is the purpose of using calorimetry in scientific research?

The purpose of using calorimetry in scientific research is to accurately measure the amount of heat energy involved in a chemical or physical process. This information can then be used to understand the properties of substances, study chemical reactions, and determine the efficiency of energy transfer.

4. How is calorimetry used in the food industry?

In the food industry, calorimetry is used to determine the caloric content of foods. By measuring the amount of heat released when food is burned, the caloric value of the food can be calculated. This information is important for food labeling and nutrition information.

5. What are some limitations of using calorimetry in scientific experiments?

Some limitations of using calorimetry in scientific experiments include the assumption that all of the heat energy from the source is transferred to the water, which may not always be the case. Additionally, the accuracy of the measurements can be affected by external factors such as heat loss to the surroundings and incomplete combustion of the heat source.

Similar threads

  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
26K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
5K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
2K
Back
Top