Chemistry and gas law problems

In summary, the conversation includes questions and equations related to gas laws. The first question involves finding the new pressure of a gas in a container when the volume is halved and the temperature stays constant. The second question asks for the new temperature of an ideal gas when the volume increases from 50mL to 100mL while the pressure remains constant. The third question asks for the number of moles of Oxygen gas in a 3.5L container at 0.5atm and 77°C. However, the answer provided for the third question seems incorrect.
  • #1
janesmith
1
0
Hello. If somebody has time can you check my answers?

Q1: A gas occupies a 2.0L container at 25°C and 2.0atm. If the volume of the container is halved and the temperature remains constant, what is the new pressure?

P1V1 = P2V2

P2 = 2.00 atm x (2.00L / 1.00L) = 4.00 atm

---

Q2: The volume of 50mL of an ideal gas at STP increases to 100mL. If the pressure remains constant, what is the new temp?

V1/T1 = V2/T2

T2 = (100mL / 50 mL) x 273K
T2 = 546K

---

Q3: How many moles of Oxygen gas, O2, are present in a 3.5L container held at a pressure of 0.5atm and a temp of 77°C?

n = PV/RT

n = (0.5atm x 3.5L) / (0.082 L•atm/mol•K x 350K)
n = 50.225 mole O2

Thanks in advanced if you take the time to check these for me.
 
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  • #2
Your method is correct, I didn't check your math. You have a calculator for that!

Good luck!
 
  • #3
janesmith said:
Q3: How many moles of Oxygen gas, O2, are present in a 3.5L container held at a pressure of 0.5atm and a temp of 77°C?

n = PV/RT

n = (0.5atm x 3.5L) / (0.082 L•atm/mol•K x 350K)
n = 50.225 mole O2

This MUST be wrong. At STP 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 L. 0.5atm and 77°C is not STP, but it is also not that far - so 3.5 L should be just a fraction of a mole, not 50 moles.
 

1. What is the ideal gas law and how is it used in chemistry?

The ideal gas law, also known as the universal gas law, is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of a gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature. This equation is used to calculate the properties of gases under various conditions and is based on the assumptions that the gas particles have negligible volume and do not experience intermolecular forces.

2. How do you calculate the molar mass of a gas using the ideal gas law?

The molar mass of a gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law by rearranging the equation to solve for n, the number of moles. Once the number of moles is known, the molar mass can be calculated by dividing the mass of the gas by the number of moles. This is useful in determining the identity of an unknown gas by comparing its molar mass to known values.

3. What is the difference between the ideal gas law and real gas behavior?

The ideal gas law assumes that gas particles have no volume and do not interact with each other, which is not true in real life. Real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior at high pressures and low temperatures, and when the particles have a significant volume or experience intermolecular forces. This is why there are variations of the ideal gas law, such as the van der Waals equation, that take into account these deviations.

4. How does temperature affect the pressure and volume of a gas?

According to the ideal gas law, temperature and pressure are directly proportional, meaning that as temperature increases, so does pressure. This is because an increase in temperature causes gas particles to move faster and collide with each other and their container more frequently, resulting in an increase in pressure. Temperature and volume are also directly proportional, so as temperature increases, volume increases as well.

5. What are the units of measurement for pressure, volume, temperature, and the ideal gas constant?

The units of measurement for pressure are typically atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), or pascals (Pa). Volume is typically measured in liters (L) or cubic meters (m3). Temperature can be measured in degrees Celsius (°C), Kelvin (K), or degrees Fahrenheit (°F). The ideal gas constant, R, has different units depending on the units used for pressure, volume, and temperature. Some common units for R include L•atm/mol•K, m3•Pa/mol•K, and J/mol•K.

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