Cross Product Proof: Proving Distance Formula for a Point Not on a Plane

In summary, the distance d from point P to the plane passing through points Q, R, and S can be calculated using the equation d = (|a.(bxc)|)/(|axb|), where a = QR, b = QS, and c = QP. This is derived from the geometric understanding that a x b gives a unit vector n normal to the plane, and the distance d is the absolute value of the scalar projection of vector c onto n.
  • #1
ProPatto16
326
0

Homework Statement



Let P be a point not on the plane that passes through the points Q, R and S. show that the distance d from P to the plane is d = (|a.(bxc)|)/(|axb|)
where a = QR and b = QS and c = QP (those are lines between given two points)

Homework Equations



|axb| = (|a||b|sin[tex]\theta[/tex])n

|a||b| = (a.b)/cos[tex]\theta[/tex]

distance eq for a line =

The Attempt at a Solution



no idea.
i struggle with proofs.
help please!
 
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  • #2
how can a point pass through points? doesn't make sense...
 
  • #3
It's pretty straightforward to see what's going on geometrically. Start by thinking about what the vector [itex]\mathbf{a}\times\mathbf{b}[/itex] is in relation to the plane.
 
  • #4
assuming P is arbitrary, then the vector a x b is the unit vector n parallel to plane of QRS.
say that distance d = vector PQ then a x b = vector n normal to plane. so then distance of P to the plane is the absolute value of the scalar projection of c onto n.

yeah?
 
  • #5
a x b isn't a unit vector; also you say it's both parallel and normal to the plane. But I think you have the basic idea.
 
  • #6
lanedance said:
how can a point pass through points? doesn't make sense...
"Let P be a point not on the plane that passes through the points Q, R and S."

A bit ambuguous but it is the plane that passses thorugh P, R, and S.
 
  • #7
oh i don't mean parallel to plane. my bad. a x b gives vector n normal to plane QRS. then PQ = c and distance d is absolute value of scalar projection of c onto n.
 

1. How is the cross product used to prove the distance formula for a point not on a plane?

The cross product is used to find the shortest distance between a point and a plane. This distance is equal to the length of the perpendicular line from the point to the plane. By using the cross product, we can find the vector that is perpendicular to both the plane and the line connecting the point to the plane. This vector can then be used to calculate the distance using the Pythagorean theorem.

2. What is the equation for the cross product?

The cross product of two vectors a and b in three-dimensional space is given by the formula a x b = (a2b3 - a3b2, a3b1 - a1b3, a1b2 - a2b1).

3. How is the distance formula derived from the cross product?

The distance formula for a point not on a plane can be derived by using the cross product to find the vector that is perpendicular to both the plane and the line connecting the point to the plane. This vector can then be used to calculate the distance using the Pythagorean theorem, which states that the square of the hypotenuse (distance) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (length of the perpendicular line and the distance from the point to the plane).

4. Can the cross product only be used to prove the distance formula for a point not on a plane?

No, the cross product has many applications in mathematics and physics. It can be used to find the area of a parallelogram, determine the direction of a magnetic field, and even solve equations in linear algebra. However, it is most commonly used in geometry to find the shortest distance between a point and a plane.

5. Are there other methods for proving the distance formula for a point not on a plane?

Yes, there are other methods such as using vectors and projections, and using the dot product. However, the cross product method is often preferred as it is more intuitive and easier to understand. It also has the advantage of directly giving the distance without the need for further calculations.

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