The formula for calculating moment or torque is force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the point of rotation to the line of action of the force. This can be represented as M = F * d, where M is the moment or torque, F is the force, and d is the distance.
The direction of the moment or torque is determined by the right-hand rule. If you point your right thumb in the direction of the force and curl your fingers towards the direction of rotation, your fingers will point in the direction of the moment or torque.
Yes, a negative moment or torque can occur if the force and the direction of rotation are in opposite directions. This means that the object will rotate in the opposite direction of the force applied.
The length of the wrench affects the moment or torque by increasing or decreasing the perpendicular distance from the point of rotation to the line of action of the force. The longer the wrench, the greater the moment or torque will be.
Calculating moment or torque is used in many areas of science and engineering, such as designing structures, analyzing forces in machines, and understanding the movement of objects in physics. It is also important in everyday tasks, such as using a wrench to tighten or loosen bolts.