Different metals and their compounds' reaction to Microwaves

In summary, there have been studies conducted on the reflection and absorption of microwaves by various metals, taking into account their wavelength and compounds. These studies can be found in older articles, with references at the end. The interaction between microwaves and metal objects is complex, as it depends on the surface, shape, and size of the metal. Conductive metals act as mirrors, reflecting most of the energy, while compounds partially reflect, transmit, and absorb the microwaves. Metal sheets can also be used to screen objects from microwaves, as long as the holes are smaller than the wavelength.
  • #1
Emperor42
15
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Does anyone know of any studies into exactly how much various metals reflect or absorb microwaves with relationship to the microwaves wavelength and ideally theyt compounds too?
 
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  • #2
A little searching turned up this article. While I can't vouch for the absolute accuracy of the article, the references at the end might be a place to get some background. They are at least 10-15 years old, however.

Given that the surface of a metal object (smoothness, etc.) has a large effect on microwave interaction, I would expect studies in this area to be fairly complicated.
 
  • #3
Solid conductive metals will efficiently reflect microwaves like a mirror. That reflection prevents the vast majority of the energy from entering the body of the metal.

Metal compounds will partially reflect, transmit and absorb microwave energy depending on the conductive, dielectric and magnetic properties of the material.

The shape and size make a difference to the pattern of reflective scattering. Microwave antennas and waveguides are made from metals.

Metal sheet will screen things from microwaves so long as the hole dimensions are small compared with the wavelength.
 

1. How do different metals react to microwaves?

Different metals react differently to microwaves based on their electrical conductivity. Metals with high electrical conductivity, such as gold and silver, tend to reflect microwaves and do not heat up. Metals with low electrical conductivity, such as iron and copper, can absorb microwaves and heat up.

2. Can microwaves cause chemical reactions in metal compounds?

Yes, microwaves can cause chemical reactions in metal compounds. When exposed to microwaves, the metal atoms in the compound can absorb the energy and undergo a chemical change. This can result in the formation of new compounds or the breakdown of the original compound.

3. Are there any safety concerns when using metal objects in a microwave?

Yes, there are safety concerns when using metal objects in a microwave. Metal objects can reflect microwaves and cause sparks, leading to fire hazards. Additionally, metal objects with sharp edges or points can produce electric arcs and damage the microwave's interior.

4. How do metal containers affect the heating of food in a microwave?

Metal containers, such as aluminum foil or metal cookware, can affect the heating of food in a microwave. They can reflect microwaves, preventing the food from heating evenly. It is best to avoid using metal containers in a microwave and instead use microwave-safe containers.

5. Can microwaves cause metal to melt?

Yes, microwaves can cause metal to melt. If a metal object is small enough, the microwaves can cause it to heat up rapidly and eventually melt. This is why it is important to never put metal objects in a microwave, as it can cause damage to the appliance and potentially start a fire.

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