Enthalpy of System: Dissolving NaCl in Water

  • Thread starter wintermute++
  • Start date
  • Tags
    System
In summary, the dissolving of NaCl in water results in an endothermic reaction, with a change in enthalpy of -0.2kJ per mole. However, this conclusion disregards the stabilization effect of water molecules. If the system is isolated, the temperature will decrease, and if it is isothermal, heat will enter the system and increase the enthalpy by 0.4kJ. Therefore, it is not safe to conclude that the dissolution of NaCl in water results in a lower enthalpy of the system.
  • #1
wintermute++
30
0

Homework Statement



Consider the dissolving of NaCl in water. Assume the system consists of 0.1 mol NaCl and 1 L of water. Considering that the NaCl readily dissolves in the water and that the ions are strongly stabilized by the water molecules, is it safe to conclude that the dissolution of NaCl in water results in a lower enthalpy of the system? Explain your response.

Homework Equations



E = q + w
H = q
possibly
Ek = 0.5mv^2
Epot = 8.99x10^9(Q1)(Q2)/d

The Attempt at a Solution



The change in enthalpy for the dissolution of NaCl is -0.2kJ per mole and for 0.1 mole NaCl is -0.02 kJ. This heat will be transferred to the H2O which is included in the system and so the heat of the system will rise. This conclusion ignores the stabilization effect of the water molecules (something not even covered in the book at this point). I would guess that the kinetic energy of the individual Na+ and Cl- ions requires work from the H2O molecules for stabilization and that the the two values would be equal and thus cancel. So:
E = q --- q = H and q is positive so the enthalpy of the system H = Hfinal - Hinitial, where Hfinal is larger than Hinitial due to the NaCl dissolution.

I really have no idea if what I just wrote makes any sense or not. Please help me.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
The dissolution of NaCl in water is an endothermic reaction: my data say +4 kJ/mol.
if the system is isolated, then T will drop. If we assume the system is isothermal, heat will enter the system (Q=0.4kJ), and the enthalpy will increase with this amount (dH=Q).
Hence the answer is NO.
 

1. What is enthalpy of system?

The enthalpy of a system is the total energy of a system, including both its internal energy and the work required to change its volume or pressure.

2. How is enthalpy of system related to dissolving a substance in water?

The enthalpy of system is affected by the process of dissolving a substance in water because it involves both the breaking of bonds in the solute and the formation of new bonds between the solute and the solvent.

3. What is the enthalpy change when dissolving NaCl in water?

The enthalpy change when dissolving NaCl in water is exothermic, meaning that there is a release of energy. This is because the energy released from the formation of new bonds between Na+ and Cl- ions is greater than the energy required to break the bonds in the solid NaCl.

4. How does temperature affect the enthalpy of dissolving NaCl in water?

As temperature increases, the enthalpy of dissolving NaCl in water also increases. This is because the higher temperature provides more energy for the breaking and formation of bonds, resulting in a greater enthalpy change.

5. Does the concentration of the solution affect the enthalpy of dissolving NaCl in water?

No, the concentration of the solution does not affect the enthalpy of dissolving NaCl in water. The enthalpy change is solely determined by the process of breaking and forming bonds, and is not affected by the amount of solute dissolved.

Similar threads

  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
16
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Atomic and Condensed Matter
Replies
1
Views
842
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
4K
Replies
23
Views
6K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
4K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
2K
Back
Top