Excited hadrons v. fundamental particles

Baryons have excitations because the same quarks can be in different energy states. On the other hand, fundamental fermions and bosons do not have this behavior as they do not have bound states or different energy states. This is due to the math and equations of High Energy Physics. In summary, while mesons and baryons have excited states due to the possibility of different angular momenta and energy states, fundamental fermions and bosons do not display this behavior because they do not have bound states or different energy states. This is a result of the math and equations of High Energy Physics.
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ohwilleke
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Mesons and baryons have both a ground state and excited states involving the same valence quarks but a higher mass (which can in principle be calculated from QCD).

Fundamental fermions and bosons, however, do not appear to display this behavior. They have a ground state, and while there are three "generations" of fermions, there are not the infinite number of excited states of fermions that there are of hadrons, and there are no excited states of fundamental bosons.

Is there a reason in the math and equations of HEP that this is the case?
 
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hmm... That there's nothing to excite ? (non-composite)
Mesons have excitations because bound states with different angular momenta are possible.
 
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1. What are excited hadrons and how do they differ from fundamental particles?

Excited hadrons are composite particles made up of quarks and gluons. They are different from fundamental particles, such as electrons and quarks, which are considered to be the building blocks of matter. Excited hadrons are formed when quarks and gluons are in a higher energy state, and they can break apart into fundamental particles under certain conditions.

2. How are excited hadrons detected and studied?

Excited hadrons are detected and studied using particle accelerators, which accelerate particles to high energies and collide them together. The debris from these collisions is then analyzed using various detectors, such as particle detectors or calorimeters, to identify the presence and properties of excited hadrons.

3. What is the significance of studying excited hadrons?

Studying excited hadrons can help us understand the strong nuclear force, which is responsible for holding quarks and gluons together to form hadrons. It can also provide insights into the structure of matter and the behavior of particles at high energies, which can help us better understand the fundamental laws of nature.

4. Can excited hadrons be created in nature?

Yes, excited hadrons can be created in nature through high-energy interactions, such as cosmic ray collisions or particle decays. However, they are typically short-lived and quickly decay into more stable particles. They can also be created in laboratories using particle accelerators.

5. Are there any potential applications of excited hadrons?

While the study of excited hadrons is primarily focused on understanding the fundamental laws of nature, there are potential applications in fields such as nuclear energy and medical imaging. Excited hadrons have also been proposed as a possible source of energy through a process called nuclear fusion.

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