Find mass flow rate using heat differential

In summary, we have an experimental power plant in Hawaii that generates electricity using the temperature gradient of the ocean. The surface and deep-water temperatures are 25°C and 7°C respectively, with the cold water leaving the plant at 12°C. We need to find the flow rate of cold water through the system, given in kg/s and L/s. Using the equations W = QH - QC, e = 1 - TC/TH, and cwater = 4190 J/kg*K, we can relate the change in temperature, specific heat, and power to determine the flow rate. The critical information of the plant's electrical power output is also necessary in this calculation.
  • #1
mckray
1
0

Homework Statement



An experimental power plant at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii generates electricity from the temperature gradient of the ocean. The surface and deep-water temperatures are 25°C and 7°C respectively.

The cold water that enters the plant leaves it at a temperature of 12°C What must be the flow rate of cold water through the system? Give your answer in kg/s & L/s.

dm/dt = ?

Homework Equations



W = QH - QC
e = 1 - TC / TH
cwater = 4190 J/kg*K

The Attempt at a Solution



I understand that it takes a certain amount of time to raise the water from 7°C to 12°C, but I don't know how to find that or how to relate it to a flow rate.
 
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  • #2
remember what you have and what you want to know. you have ΔT, c, and P (which is Q/t) and you want kg/s (which is mass/time)...i think there is an equation for that, do you remember it? remember, your answer is going to be in kg/s.
 
  • #3
How much electrical power is the plant supposed to generate? That would seem to be a critical bit of information in determining how much flow is required.
 

1. What is mass flow rate and why is it important to calculate it using heat differential?

Mass flow rate is the amount of mass passing through a given area per unit of time. It is important to calculate it using heat differential because it can provide valuable information about the efficiency and performance of a system, such as a heat exchanger or a power plant.

2. How is mass flow rate calculated using heat differential?

Mass flow rate can be calculated using the following equation: mass flow rate = (heat transfer rate)/(specific heat capacity x temperature difference). The heat transfer rate can be measured using a calorimeter or other heat measurement device, while the specific heat capacity can be found for a specific substance in a reference table. The temperature difference can be measured using temperature sensors.

3. What are some common methods for measuring heat transfer rate and temperature difference?

Some common methods for measuring heat transfer rate include using a calorimeter, a heat flux sensor, or a flow meter. Temperature difference can be measured using thermocouples, RTDs, or infrared thermometers.

4. How can the accuracy of the mass flow rate calculation be improved?

The accuracy of the mass flow rate calculation can be improved by using more precise and calibrated measurement devices, taking multiple measurements and averaging them, and ensuring that all necessary variables and parameters are considered in the calculation.

5. Can mass flow rate be affected by external factors?

Yes, mass flow rate can be affected by external factors such as changes in pressure, temperature, or flow rate of the fluid, as well as any obstructions or blockages in the system. These factors should be taken into account when calculating mass flow rate using heat differential.

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