Geometric Magnetic Pole vs Magnetic North Pole

In summary, the article discusses the difference between the geometric magnetic and the magnetic north poles, how the North and South Dip Poles move over time, and how magnetic declination is used for navigation.
  • #1
Imager
Gold Member
112
61
The article below is an excerpt from Discover magazine. What I don’t understand is the difference between the geometric magnetic and the magnetic north poles. From the article the North and South magnetic poles dips are not opposite of each other, so how is the geomagnetic pole calculated? Is it related to the magnetic north/south poles?

From the article:

1. There are four North Poles. The terrestrial North Pole is a fixed geographic point that’s diametrically opposed to the terrestrial South Pole on our planet’s axis of rotation; it’s the top of the spinning top that’s Earth.

2. The North Dip Pole is the spot where the geomagnetic field is perpendicular to the Earth’s surface, “dipping” to meet the big, rotating ellipsoid that is our planet.

3. The North Dip Pole isn’t stationary. Just in the last century, it has migrated northward from a point in Canada at about 71 degrees latitude to its current position, about 85 degrees north, in the Arctic Ocean.

4. There’s a South Dip Pole, too, but the North Dip Pole doesn’t have to be antipodal, or diametrically opposed, to it. Right now they’re off by more than 20 degrees latitude.

5. When your compass points north, it’s pointing to the North Dip Pole, which is also called the magnetic North Pole.

6. The geomagnetic North Pole is a different thing altogether. It’s calculated using mathematical models based on an imaginary line running through the geomagnetic center of Earth.

7. Over the past century, the geomagnetic North Pole has migrated from Greenland to Canada.

8. So who cares about geomagnetic North? Aurora hunters, for starters. The most spectacular views of the Northern Lights occur in an oval ring centered around the geomagnetic North Pole.

9. Auroras are cool, but if you want to have some real fun, position yourself at the magnetic North Pole with a compass. If you hold the compass horizontal, the needle will do one of three things: point to the same spot as the last time you used it, spin slowly before stopping at a random point or point to anything magnetic that you happen to be wearing.

10. We promised a fourth North Pole. That would be North Pole, Alaska, incorporated in 1953. The Fairbanks suburb is hundreds of miles south of the other three North Poles.

http://discovermagazine.com/2014/dec/23-20-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-north-pole
 
Earth sciences news on Phys.org
  • #2
The magnetic poles actually move over long periods of time. Periodically the polarity changes - "North" magnetic flips down and originates where the current "South" pole was. South becomes North.

It is currently believed to relate to changes in the Earth's core. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal
Also there is a LOT of junk science out on the net about this - fair warning.

Geomagnetism is only coincidentally useful for navigation. This is because of magnetic declination - the fact that magnetic North and True North do not "line up" very many places on Earth.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_declination

Learn about geocaching and hand held GPS receivers, or take up orienteering. Even better learn navigation. :) All of these are fun and are great to play without in boonies.
 
  • #3
The geomagnetic pole is related to the magnetic north/south poles, but it is not the same thing. The magnetic north/south poles refer to the points on Earth's surface where the magnetic field lines are vertical, while the geomagnetic pole is a calculated point in the center of Earth's magnetic field.

To calculate the geomagnetic pole, scientists use mathematical models based on the Earth's magnetic field. This is different from the magnetic north/south poles, which can be physically measured on the Earth's surface.

The reason why the geomagnetic pole and the magnetic north/south poles are not always in the same location is because the Earth's magnetic field is constantly changing and moving. This is why the North Dip Pole, which is the point where the geomagnetic field is perpendicular to the Earth's surface, has also been shifting over the past century.

Hope this helps clarify the difference between the geomagnetic pole and the magnetic north/south poles!
 

1. What is the difference between the Geometric Magnetic Pole and the Magnetic North Pole?

The Geometric Magnetic Pole (GMP) and the Magnetic North Pole (MNP) are two different locations on the Earth's surface that have different magnetic properties. The GMP is the point on the Earth's surface where the magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the surface, while the MNP is the point on the Earth's surface where the magnetic field lines are vertically oriented.

2. How do the Geometric Magnetic Pole and the Magnetic North Pole affect navigation?

The GMP and MNP play important roles in navigation, as they are used as reference points for determining direction and location. The GMP is used for true north navigation, while the MNP is used for magnetic north navigation. This is because the Earth's magnetic field is not aligned with its rotational axis, causing a difference between true north and magnetic north.

3. How do the Geometric Magnetic Pole and the Magnetic North Pole change over time?

The locations of the GMP and MNP are not fixed and can change over time. The MNP, in particular, has been shown to move significantly over the years. This is due to fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field, as well as the movement of the Earth's molten iron core.

4. Can the Geometric Magnetic Pole and the Magnetic North Pole ever align?

No, the GMP and MNP will never align due to the differences in their definitions. The GMP is a purely theoretical point, while the MNP is the physical point on the Earth's surface where the magnetic field is at its strongest.

5. What is the significance of the Geometric Magnetic Pole and the Magnetic North Pole in scientific research?

The GMP and MNP are important in scientific research as they provide valuable information about the Earth's magnetic field and its changes over time. By studying the movements of the GMP and MNP, scientists can better understand the Earth's core and its influence on the magnetic field, as well as potential impacts on navigation and communication systems.

Similar threads

Replies
6
Views
643
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
2
Replies
40
Views
914
Replies
3
Views
602
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
3
Views
1K
Replies
32
Views
1K
Replies
15
Views
2K
Replies
16
Views
3K
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • Science and Math Textbooks
Replies
5
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
10
Views
2K
Back
Top