Boson star is a solitonic solution of classical nonlinear field equations. As such, it consists of many elementary particles, or more precisely it is a quantum coherent state in which the number of particles is uncertain. The mass is low because there is an attractive force which makes a negative contribution to the total energy.wolram said:
The "boson stars" are basically just cold dark matter. Each "star" is a galactic halo, each of which is much larger than a visible galaxy. The concept here is that low-mass particles make up the dark matter, and they condense to form Bose-Einstein condensates in galaxy halos. Low-mass dark matter candidates are produced in ways that ensure they have very little kinetic energy, and the leading candidate is the axion.wolram said:
Boson stars are hypothetical objects in space that are composed entirely of bosons, which are a type of elementary particle. They are theorized to exist as a result of the collapse of a massive object, such as a star, under the influence of gravity.
Boson stars are fundamentally different from regular stars because they are not composed of atoms, but rather of bosons. This means that they do not emit light and heat like regular stars, and they do not undergo nuclear fusion. Instead, their structure and stability are governed by different physical principles.
Boson stars are thought to form when a massive object, such as a star, collapses under its own gravity. As the core of the object becomes more dense, the particles within it can no longer resist the force of gravity. This causes the particles to collapse into a Bose-Einstein condensate, which is a state of matter where all the particles occupy the same quantum state. This condensate then becomes the core of the Boson star.
Boson stars are unique because they are governed by the principles of quantum mechanics, rather than classical mechanics like regular stars. This means that they have different properties and behaviors, such as the ability to withstand extreme gravitational forces and the potential for stable, long-term existence.
Currently, there is no direct way to detect Boson stars since they do not emit light or other forms of electromagnetic radiation. However, scientists are exploring different indirect methods, such as observing their effects on the matter and light around them. Additionally, some theories suggest that Boson stars could have a gravitational pull that is different from regular stars, which could potentially be detected by gravitational wave detectors.