Model CO2 diffusing across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel

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TL;DR Summary: Solve heat equation in a disc using fourier transforms

Carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood plasma but is not absorbed by red blood cells. As the blood returns to an alveolus, assume that it is well-mixed so that the concentration of dissolved CO2 is uniform across a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel. Model the diffusive transport of CO2 from an infinitely long cylinder of radius a containing plasma to the alveolus wall, i.e. use dc/dt = D d^2 c/dr^2 where r is the radial component, t is time, D is a diffusion constant and c(r,t) is the concentration of CO2. This is subject to initial and boundary conditions c(r,0)=c_0>1 and c(a,t)=1. Find c(r,t) using Fourier transforms.

I was given the hint to find the steady state solution first and then subtract it from the full solution to solve with FTs for homogeneous BCs. I'm stuck though, I feel like there isn't enough boundary conditions. Any insight would be great!
 

1. How does CO2 diffuse across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel?

CO2 diffuses across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel through a process called simple diffusion. The concentration gradient of CO2 between the alveoli and the blood vessels drives the movement of CO2 molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

2. What factors affect the rate of CO2 diffusion in this process?

The rate of CO2 diffusion across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel is influenced by factors such as the surface area of the alveoli, the thickness of the wall of the blood vessel, the partial pressure of CO2 in the alveoli and blood, and the diffusion coefficient of CO2 in the tissues.

3. Why is it important for CO2 to diffuse across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel?

CO2 diffusion across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel is crucial for the removal of waste CO2 from the bloodstream. This process helps maintain the acid-base balance in the body and ensures that cells receive an adequate supply of oxygen for cellular respiration.

4. How does the structure of the alveolar blood vessel wall facilitate CO2 diffusion?

The thin and permeable nature of the alveolar blood vessel wall allows for efficient diffusion of CO2 molecules. The close proximity of the alveoli to the blood vessels also minimizes the diffusion distance, enhancing the rate of CO2 exchange.

5. What are the potential implications of impaired CO2 diffusion across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel?

If CO2 diffusion across the wall of a cylindrical alveolar blood vessel is compromised, it can lead to an accumulation of CO2 in the bloodstream, causing respiratory acidosis. This can result in symptoms such as shortness of breath, confusion, and fatigue, and may require medical intervention to restore proper gas exchange.

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