Optimum positioning of fan inside an enclosure

In summary, a fan needs a minimum clearance of 0.5 cm to not stall airflow. Thermo-fluid simulation software can be used to solve this problem with reasonable accuracy.
  • #1
Mrinal
2
0
Hello!

I am an electronics engineer and the only time I came across Fluid mechanics was in class 12.

I have been stuck for a long time in the finalization of a product. The difficulty is that I need to design a heat-sink, place a fan over it and perform a thermo-fluid simulation of the system.
The main problem is that I have no clue clue about the optimum placement of the fan. Hit an trial has resulted in stalling of flow or worse a complete reversal of flow at certain positions. Especially when the inlet or the outlet side of the fan has very less gap for air to enter. What should be the minimum clearance for a given fan geometry so that it does not stall? Is it an easy question, difficult only to non-mechanical engineers? Also there are other questions like... if I place a fan in one corner and make holes for air at the other corner of the enclosure, how much reduction in flow is to be expected?

Please provide some references papers/books where I should be able to learn the basics of fans/propellers.
Also is there a shortcut? I mean can thermo-fluid simulation softwares solve this problem with reasonable accuracy?

Thanks
 
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  • #2
Mrinal said:
Hello!

I am an electronics engineer and the only time I came across Fluid mechanics was in class 12.

I have been stuck for a long time in the finalization of a product. The difficulty is that I need to design a heat-sink, place a fan over it and perform a thermo-fluid simulation of the system.
The main problem is that I have no clue clue about the optimum placement of the fan. Hit an trial has resulted in stalling of flow or worse a complete reversal of flow at certain positions. Especially when the inlet or the outlet side of the fan has very less gap for air to enter. What should be the minimum clearance for a given fan geometry so that it does not stall? Is it an easy question, difficult only to non-mechanical engineers? Also there are other questions like... if I place a fan in one corner and make holes for air at the other corner of the enclosure, how much reduction in flow is to be expected?

Please provide some references papers/books where I should be able to learn the basics of fans/propellers.
Also is there a shortcut? I mean can thermo-fluid simulation softwares solve this problem with reasonable accuracy?

Thanks
Could you give a rough diagram of the heat sink and your positioning of the fan?
 
  • #3
God knows how to insert a photo from the computer!
How to attach images?
 
  • #4
While replying, there's an option in the bottom right corner that says 'upload file'
 

1. How does the placement of a fan affect the airflow inside an enclosure?

The placement of a fan inside an enclosure can significantly impact the airflow and cooling efficiency. Placing the fan near the top of the enclosure can create a downward airflow that pushes hot air out of the enclosure. On the other hand, placing the fan near the bottom can create an upward airflow that pulls cool air in from the bottom and pushes hot air out from the top. The optimal placement will depend on the specific design and components inside the enclosure.

2. Can I use multiple fans inside an enclosure for better cooling?

Yes, using multiple fans inside an enclosure can improve cooling by increasing the airflow. However, it is important to consider the placement and orientation of the fans to avoid creating turbulence and hotspots. It is also essential to ensure that the total airflow is balanced to prevent an imbalance of air pressure inside the enclosure.

3. How do I determine the appropriate size and type of fan for my enclosure?

The size and type of fan needed for an enclosure will depend on various factors, including the size of the enclosure, the components inside, and the desired airflow. It is crucial to consider the fan's CFM (cubic feet per minute) rating, which indicates the amount of air the fan can move. It is recommended to choose a fan with a CFM rating that is at least 50% higher than the enclosure's volume for efficient cooling.

4. Can I use a fan filter for my enclosure's fan?

Yes, using a fan filter can prevent dust and other particles from entering the enclosure through the fan. This can help keep the components inside clean and prolong their lifespan. However, it is important to regularly clean or replace the filter to maintain proper airflow and cooling.

5. Is it necessary to consider the noise levels of the fan inside an enclosure?

Yes, the noise levels of a fan inside an enclosure should be taken into consideration, especially if the enclosure will be in a noise-sensitive environment. Choosing a fan with a lower decibel rating can help reduce noise levels while still providing efficient cooling. Additionally, proper fan placement and orientation can also help reduce noise levels.

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