Oscillatory Motion and Periods

In summary, a student measures the unstretched length of a spring as 11.2 cm and when a 100.0 g mass is hung from the end of the spring, its length is 20.7 cm at rest. The amplitude of the motion decreases to half its original value in 5 complete oscillations. Using the equations F = -kΔx and T = 2∏/√(k/m), the period of the oscillatory motion is calculated to be 0.62 seconds assuming no damping. It is uncertain if the student will be able to detect the difference between this period and the period of the damped oscillator, given an accuracy of 0.05 seconds.
  • #1
kgal
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Homework Statement


A student measures the unstretched length of a spring as 11.2 cm. When a 100.0 g mass is hung from the end of the spring, its length is 20.7 at rest. The mass-spring system is set into oscillatory motion and the amplitude of the motion decreases to half its original value in 5 complete oscillations.
a. What is the period of the oscillatory motion, assuming no damping?
b. The student can measure the period of oscillation to an accuracy of 0.05s. Will the student be able to detect the difference between the period calculated with no damping and the period of the damped oscillator?



Homework Equations



F = -kΔx
T = 2∏/√(k/m)
Δx = x2 - x1



The Attempt at a Solution



a. Δx = x2 - x1 = 20.7 - 11.2 = 9.5 cm = 0.095 m
F = -kΔx
-k = F/Δx = mg/Δx = .98/.095 = 10.31 N/m
T = 2∏ / √(k/m) = .62 s

b. Not sure how to even start with this one...
 
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  • #3
is the original amplitude the difference between the spring natural length and the spring length after the mass is put on it?
 
  • #4
No, the amplitude is not given and not needed for the problem. Just assume it is some value and what is important is what ever the value is it halves as stated in the problem.
 
  • #5
What about part b?
Did you find difference between the period calculated with no damping and the period of the damped oscillator?
 
Last edited:

1. What is oscillatory motion?

Oscillatory motion refers to the repetitive back-and-forth movement of an object around a central equilibrium point. This type of motion can be seen in objects such as pendulums, springs, and waves.

2. What affects the period of oscillatory motion?

The period of oscillatory motion is affected by the mass, stiffness, and length of the system. A higher mass or stiffness will result in a longer period, while a longer length will result in a shorter period.

3. How is the period of oscillatory motion calculated?

The period of oscillatory motion can be calculated using the formula T = 2π√(m/k), where T is the period, m is the mass, and k is the spring constant or stiffness of the system.

4. What is the difference between simple harmonic motion and oscillatory motion?

Simple harmonic motion is a type of oscillatory motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium point. In other words, the motion follows a sinusoidal pattern. Not all oscillatory motion follows a simple harmonic motion pattern.

5. How does damping affect oscillatory motion?

Damping is the gradual decrease in the amplitude of oscillatory motion over time. It can be caused by friction or other resistive forces. Damping reduces the period and amplitude of oscillatory motion, eventually bringing it to a stop.

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