Photoelectric Effect, Light Intensity and Stopping Voltage

In summary, during a physics investigation using a Photo-Electric Effect Instrument, the current produced was measured by altering the aperture size and intensity of the lamp. As expected, the current increased with higher intensity. However, when observing the voltage required to stop electron flow, it was found that the stopping voltage differed for each aperture size. This resulted in a curved graph, which may have been caused by the effects of stray light hitting the anode and causing electron emission.
  • #1
Zibi04
Member advised to use the homework template for posts in the homework sections of PF.
In a physics investigation we were required to use a Photo-Electric Effect Instrument (Shown in the attached pdf file), which was able to measure the current produced via the photoelectric effect.
One of the objectives of the investigation was to alter the aperture size, and hence intensity of the lamp and record the current created. As expected, the current increased as the intensity increased since more electrons were produced.

The next part of the investigation was to change the aperture size and observe the voltage required to stop electron flow towards the anode, i.e. the stopping voltage.
Theoretically, the light intensity should have no effect on the stopping voltage, where the stoppage voltage should be equal for all apertures. However, our results and every other groups results did not support this. The following are our results:

RveGg
OfxpHDs.png

RveGg


Clearly, each stopping voltage differs by a certain amount, hence resulting in a curved graph.

Does anybody happen to know what might have caused this, some sort of error etc.?
 

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  • #2

1. What is the photoelectric effect?

The photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electrons are emitted from a material when it is exposed to light of a certain frequency. This was first observed by Heinrich Hertz in 1887 and later explained by Albert Einstein in 1905.

2. What is the relationship between light intensity and the stopping voltage in the photoelectric effect?

The stopping voltage in the photoelectric effect refers to the minimum voltage required to stop the emission of electrons from a material. This voltage is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident light. This means that a higher intensity of light will result in a higher stopping voltage.

3. How does the frequency of light affect the photoelectric effect?

The frequency of light is directly related to the energy of the photons that make up the light. In the photoelectric effect, it is the energy of the photons that determines whether or not electrons will be emitted from a material. Therefore, a higher frequency of light will result in a higher energy and a greater likelihood of electron emission.

4. How does the work function of a material affect the photoelectric effect?

The work function of a material is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from its surface. In the photoelectric effect, the work function plays a crucial role in determining whether or not electrons will be emitted. If the energy of the incident light is greater than the work function, electrons will be emitted from the material.

5. What is the significance of the photoelectric effect in modern technology?

The photoelectric effect is the basis for many modern technologies, including solar cells, photodiodes, and photomultiplier tubes. It also played a crucial role in the development of quantum mechanics and our understanding of the particle-wave duality of light. In addition, the photoelectric effect is used in various scientific experiments and measurements, such as in the determination of Planck's constant.

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