Question about Partial Differentials from my Thermo homework

In summary, the solution to the thermodynamics homework involves calculating the partial derivative of the enthalpy of vaporization divided by temperature with respect to temperature at constant pressure. This is equal to the difference between the partial derivatives of the enthalpy of the gas phase and the enthalpy of the liquid phase with respect to temperature at constant pressure. However, this can be simplified using the product rule for differentiation, resulting in two additional terms involving the partial derivatives of the enthalpies with respect to temperature. The significance of the notation used for the enthalpies (hfg, hf, hg) should be explained for better understanding.
  • #1
yecko
Gold Member
279
15
Homework Statement
partial differential
Relevant Equations
chain rule / quotient rule
1603338164215.png

From the solution of my thermodynamics homework,

$$
({\frac{\partial h_{fg}/T}{\partial T}})_P \\ = ({\frac{\partial h_{g}/T}{\partial T}})_P - ({\frac{\partial h_{f}/T}{\partial T}})_P = \frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{g}}{\partial T}})_P - \frac {h_g}{T^2} - \frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{f}}{\partial T}})_P + \frac {h_f}{T^2}
$$

Isn't ##({\frac{\partial h_{g}/T}{\partial T}})_P = \frac {h_g}{T^2} ##?
And ##({\frac{\partial h_{f}/T}{\partial T}})_P = \frac {h_f}{T^2}##

Why is there the other two parts: ##\frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{g}}{\partial T}})_P ## and ##- \frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{f}}{\partial T}})_P## ?
Thank you
 
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  • #2
I am a little confused by your notation. When you write, for example, ##\left( \frac{\partial h_g /T}{\partial T} \right)_P##, do you mean ##\left[ \frac{\partial}{\partial T} \left( h_g /T \right) \right]_P##?

Also, do ##h_g## and ##h_f## have ##T## dependence? If so, then

yecko said:
Why is there the other two parts: ##\frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{g}}{\partial T}})_P ## and ##- \frac{1}{T} ({\frac{\partial h_{f}}{\partial T}})_P## ?

come from the product rule for differentiation,

$$\left[ \frac{\partial}{\partial T} \left( h_g /T \right) \right]_P = h_g \left[ \frac{\partial}{\partial T} \left(\frac{1}{T} \right) \right]_P + \frac{1}{T} \left[ \frac{\partial h_g}{\partial T} \right]_P$$
 
  • #3
There seems to be some significance to the forms hfg, hf, hg that needs to be explained to the reader.
 

1. What is a partial differential?

A partial differential is a type of differential equation that involves multiple variables and their partial derivatives. It is used to describe the relationship between these variables in a given system.

2. How are partial differentials used in thermodynamics?

In thermodynamics, partial differentials are used to describe how a system changes with respect to multiple variables, such as temperature, pressure, and volume. They are often used to calculate the change in a system's internal energy or entropy.

3. What is the difference between a partial differential and a total differential?

A partial differential only considers the change in a system with respect to one variable, while holding all other variables constant. A total differential, on the other hand, takes into account the changes in all variables simultaneously.

4. Can you give an example of a partial differential equation in thermodynamics?

One example of a partial differential equation in thermodynamics is the heat equation, which describes the flow of heat in a system. It includes variables such as temperature, thermal conductivity, and time.

5. How are partial differentials solved in thermodynamics?

In thermodynamics, partial differentials are often solved using mathematical techniques such as separation of variables, integration, and substitution. Computer software and numerical methods can also be used to solve more complex partial differential equations.

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