Rotational Energy, Rolling downhill

In summary, a solid steel sphere rolls down a 1.25 m incline with an angle of 20 degrees from the horizontal. Using the equation mgh = .5Iw2+.5mv2, and substituting in the values for energy and tangential velocities, we can calculate the linear velocity of different points relative to the ground when the sphere reaches the bottom of the incline. The linear velocity of the center of the sphere is 2.70 m/s, and the linear velocities for points at the top edge and bottom of the sphere will be the same.
  • #1
Elysian
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Homework Statement


A solid steel sphere of radius 10 cm and a mass of 1.5 kg rolls down a 1.25 m incline that makes an angle of 20 degrees with the horizontal. Calculate the linear velocity of the following points relative to the ground, when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
a) The center of the sphere
b) A point at the top edge of the sphere
c) A point at the bottom of the sphere


Homework Equations



mgh = .5Iw2+.5mv2

I = 2/5(mr^2)

The Attempt at a Solution



Ok so using the equation above, energy, I substituted in the values, using wr = v1 for tangential velocities, putting W = v1/r for the angular velocity, But the velocity (v2) of the .5 mv2, is different than the tangential, as the velocity of the kinetic energy (normal) is V2, V2 = .5*V1, which is derived from the fact that a point on a sphere goes twice the distance compared to the center of mass, the point on the spheres velocity is V1, v2 is the speed of the Center of mass.

Substituting we get

mgh = .5(.4*m*r^2)(.5V1/r)2 + .5*m*V12

which reduces down into

gh = .1(v1^2/4) + .5v1^2, and I get 2.70 m/s for the linear speed of the center of mass... is this right?

Also would the answers for b and c be the same?
 
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  • #2

Related to Rotational Energy, Rolling downhill

What is rotational energy?

Rotational energy is the energy an object possesses due to its rotational motion. It is a form of kinetic energy and is dependent on the moment of inertia and angular velocity of the object.

How is rotational energy related to rolling downhill?

When an object is rolling downhill, it is both translating and rotating. This means that it possesses both translational and rotational kinetic energy. The rotational energy contributes to the overall kinetic energy of the object as it moves downhill.

What factors affect the rotational energy of an object rolling downhill?

The main factors that affect the rotational energy of an object rolling downhill are the mass, moment of inertia, and angular velocity of the object. A heavier object or an object with a larger moment of inertia will have more rotational energy, while a higher angular velocity will increase the rotational energy as well.

How is rotational energy different from linear kinetic energy?

Rotational energy is a type of kinetic energy that is associated with an object's rotation, while linear kinetic energy is associated with an object's linear motion. Both forms of kinetic energy are dependent on the mass and velocity of the object, but they differ in the type of motion they represent.

Can rotational energy be converted into other forms of energy?

Yes, rotational energy can be converted into other forms of energy. For example, when an object rolls downhill, its rotational energy is converted into both potential energy and heat due to friction. Additionally, rotational energy can be converted into electrical energy in devices such as generators.

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