Soild Revolutions, surface area etc.

In summary, the concept of solids of revolution in calculus has various practical applications, such as in calculating the mass of a lathe or the volume of a non-uniformly dense spherical object. It also helps in creating integrals for other quantities in 3D space, and can be used to find the volume of complex shapes like pressure vessels.
  • #1
MathWarrior
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5
In calculus when you learn solids of revolution in relation to surface area or volume is there any specific uses that someone could enlighten me on in which this would be used. The only example I can think of is a lathe, and calculating its mass using the volume. Other then that I haven't seen any true uses for this. So has anyone found a particular use they'd like to share?
 
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  • #2
It helps show how integration can be used. Once you understand volumes of revolution it's easier to create your own integrals for, say, the mass of a non-uniformly dense spherical object, or the rotational inertia of a disk-shaped flywheel whose thickness varies with radius. Or just integrating other quantities over 3D space, like say fields in physics.

I suppose you could also use it to find the volume of a pressure vessel with a dished end. Those things are usually defined by piecewise functions which would be easy to integrate.

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1. What is a solid revolution?

A solid revolution is a three-dimensional figure created by rotating a two-dimensional shape around a fixed axis. This creates a solid shape with a circular cross-section. An example of a solid revolution is a cylinder, which is created by rotating a rectangle around its side.

2. How do you calculate the surface area of a solid revolution?

The surface area of a solid revolution can be calculated by using the formula 2πrh, where r is the radius of the circular cross-section and h is the height of the solid. This formula works for shapes such as cylinders, cones, and spheres.

3. What is the difference between surface area and volume?

Surface area refers to the total area of the outer surface of a three-dimensional object, while volume refers to the amount of space occupied by the object. Surface area is measured in square units, while volume is measured in cubic units.

4. How can solid revolutions be used in real-life applications?

Solid revolutions have many practical applications in fields such as engineering, architecture, and physics. For example, they can be used to calculate the volume of objects such as pipes and tanks, or to design structures with specific surface area requirements.

5. Can you have a solid revolution with a non-circular cross-section?

Yes, it is possible to have a solid revolution with a non-circular cross-section. This can be achieved by rotating a shape other than a circle around a fixed axis, such as a square or triangle. The formula for calculating the surface area in this case would be different, depending on the shape of the cross-section.

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