The Kirchhoff diffraction formula with small wavelength

In summary, the fresnel-kirchhoff diffraction formula can explain diffraction and also produce results for relatively small wavelength and large width slit. However, when the wavelength is very small, the resulting equation may not match the expected value. One suggestion is to try using a circular aperture and an observation point directly on the axis for easier calculations. It is expected that the diffraction equations will show a shadow when using a single point source on one side of the aperture, but it may be difficult to prove for the general case due to the complexity of the equations.
  • #1
zhouhao
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Homework Statement


The fresnel-kirchhoff diffraction formula could explain diffraction,I think it should also produce the result with relatively small wavelength and large width slit in which case there is no diffraction.
730px-_Kirchhoff_1a.svg.png

Homework Equations


##U(P)=\frac{ia}{2\lambda}\int_S\frac{e^{ik(s+r)}}{sr}[(cos(n,r)-cos(n,s)]dS##

The Attempt at a Solution


when ##\lambda##(wavelength) is very small,the ##U(P)## would very large and seems not equal to ##\frac{ae^ir_{P_0P}}{r_{P_0P}}##
 
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  • #2
One suggestion would be to try it for an observation point that is directly on axis, and use a circular aperture so that the diffraction equations are readily workable. I do expect the diffraction equations for small wavelength and large aperture would give very nearly a shadow when using a single point source on one side of the aperture, but the equations are cumbersome enough, that it might be somewhat difficult to show for the general case.
 

1. What is the Kirchhoff diffraction formula with small wavelength?

The Kirchhoff diffraction formula with small wavelength is a mathematical equation used to describe the diffraction of light when the wavelength is small compared to the size of the diffracting object. It takes into account both the amplitude and phase of the diffracted light wave, and is commonly used in optics and electromagnetic theory.

2. How is the Kirchhoff diffraction formula derived?

The Kirchhoff diffraction formula is derived from the Huygens-Fresnel principle, which states that every point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary spherical waves. By considering the contributions of all these secondary waves, the Kirchhoff diffraction formula can be derived through mathematical calculations.

3. What are the assumptions made in the Kirchhoff diffraction formula with small wavelength?

The Kirchhoff diffraction formula makes several assumptions, including: the diffracting object is small compared to the wavelength, the aperture is illuminated by a plane wave, and the observation point is far from the diffracting object. These assumptions simplify the mathematical calculations and make the formula more applicable.

4. What are the limitations of the Kirchhoff diffraction formula with small wavelength?

The Kirchhoff diffraction formula is only applicable to small wavelengths and cannot accurately predict diffraction effects at larger wavelengths. It also does not take into account the effects of multiple scattering or reflection from the diffracting object. Additionally, it assumes a perfectly smooth and uniform diffracting object, which may not be the case in real-world scenarios.

5. How is the Kirchhoff diffraction formula used in practical applications?

The Kirchhoff diffraction formula is commonly used in optics and electromagnetic theory to calculate the diffraction patterns produced by various diffracting objects, such as slits, apertures, and gratings. It is also used in the design of optical devices, such as lenses and mirrors, to minimize diffraction effects and improve image quality.

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