Thermal, steady-flow, table, continuity

In summary, the problem involves steam entering a nozzle at 2 MPa and 208°C with a velocity of 20m/s. During the expansion process, its enthalpy decreases to 2.86 MJ/kg due to losses. The questions ask to determine the exit velocity and flow area at the nozzle inlet. Using the steady-flow energy equation and continuity equation, the answer for part a should be around 400m/s, but the given answer is different. Part b cannot be solved until part a is understood.
  • #1
scrubber
20
0

Homework Statement



Steam at 2 MPa and 208°C enters a nozzle with 20m/s. During the expansion process, its enthalpy drops to 2.86 MJ/kg because of the losses encountered.

a) Determine the exit velocity from the nozzle.
b) If the mass flow rate is 1kg/s, determine the flow area at the nozzle inlet.

Homework Equations



Steady-flow Energy Equation: Q-W=m{(hf-hi)+1/2(Uf^2-Ui^2)+g(Zf-Zi)},
difference between rate of heat and work=difference between rate of energy at inlet and exit

For Nozzle, heat, work, and PE can be neglected:
(hi-hf)=1/2(Uf^2-Ui^2)

Continuity equation: mi=mf=constant, mass flow rate is constant
m=ρ*A*U, ρ=density, A=flow area, U=fluid velocity

steam tables: http://enpub.fulton.asu.edu/ece340/pdf/steam_tables.PDF

The Attempt at a Solution



a.) checking the steam tables, the enthalpy of sat. liquid is 1236kJ/kg,
(1236-2.86)=1/2(Uf^2-20*2)
Uf=53.54m/s, which is not correct. The given answer is around 400m/s.
I don't know why ;(

I will try b) after I understand a).
Please help me with part a!
 
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  • #2
1MJ = 1000kJ =1,000,000 J

How did you get the 1236 number?
 
  • #3
paisiello2 said:
1MJ = 1000kJ =1,000,000 J

How did you get the 1236 number?
Looks like it came from the 280C row instead of 208C.
Scrubber, should you be using the sat liquid or sat vapor value? (I genuinely don't know.). Even if you use sat vap at 280, it's still less than 2.86MJ/kg, so it doesn't seem to fit.
 

What is thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity?

Thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity refer to different concepts within the field of thermodynamics. Thermal refers to the transfer of heat energy, while steady-flow refers to a process where the properties of a fluid remain constant as it flows. A table in this context is a representation of data or values related to a thermodynamic system. Continuity refers to the principle that states mass cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system.

How are thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity related?

These concepts are related in the sense that they are all fundamental principles in the study of thermodynamics. They are often used together to analyze and solve problems related to heat transfer and fluid dynamics.

What is the importance of continuity in thermodynamics?

The principle of continuity is important because it helps to ensure the conservation of mass in thermodynamic processes. It allows us to determine the relationship between the flow rate, velocity, and cross-sectional area of a fluid in a closed system.

What is an example of a thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity problem?

An example would be a heat exchanger, where two fluids at different temperatures flow through separate channels and exchange heat. In this case, we would use thermal calculations to determine the amount of heat transferred, steady-flow analysis to understand the fluid properties, a table to organize the data, and the principle of continuity to ensure mass conservation.

How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity?

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a closed system always increases over time. In the context of thermal, steady-flow, table, and continuity, this means that there will be a loss of useful energy and an increase in disorder as heat is transferred between two fluids. Continuity is essential in ensuring that the mass remains constant in this process.

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