Thermodynamics energy balance for control volume

In summary, the energy balance for a control volume is represented by the equation dE/dt = dQ/dt-dW/dt-dm/dt(ΔH+ΔKE+ΔPE), where the pV work is accounted for in the separate enthalpy term. However, for other systems, the equation is ΔE =Q-W-(ΔU+ΔKE+ΔPE) and only the internal energy is considered since the pV term is not relevant. This highlights the importance of considering the specific type of system when applying energy balance equations.
  • #1
Andrew1234
18
1
Homework Statement
Explain why the energy balance for a control volume includes an enthalpy term instead of an internal energy term.
Relevant Equations
Energy balance for a control volume:

dE/dt = dQ/dt-dW/dt-dm/dt(ΔH+ΔKE+ΔPE)

0 = dQ/dt-dW/dt-dm/dt(ΔH+ΔKE+ΔPE)

Energy balance for other systems:

ΔE =Q-W-(ΔU+ΔKE+ΔPE)

0 = Q-W-(ΔU+ΔKE+ΔPE)
Why is energy balance for a control volume

dE/dt = dQ/dt-dW/dt-dm/dt(ΔH+ΔKE+ΔPE)

0 = dQ/dt-dW/dt-dm/dt(ΔH+ΔKE+ΔPE)

whereas for other systems it is

ΔE =Q-W-(ΔU+ΔKE+ΔPE)

0 = Q-W-(ΔU+ΔKE+ΔPE)

with enthalpy, h = u +pv, replaced by only the internal energy? How is the pv term accounted for?

What I have tried

In a control volume, the dW/dt term fails to account for the pV work which therefore needs to be included in the separate enthalpy term. This is not true of systems that are not control volumes.
 
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You have to make an effort to answer the question before we can help you. So...
 

1. What is the definition of thermodynamics energy balance for control volume?

The thermodynamics energy balance for control volume is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics that states that the change in energy of a control volume is equal to the net energy transfer into or out of the control volume, plus the energy produced within the control volume.

2. How is the energy balance equation derived for a control volume?

The energy balance equation for a control volume is derived by applying the first law of thermodynamics, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, to a specific control volume. This results in an equation that takes into account all forms of energy transfer, including heat transfer and work done by or on the control volume.

3. What is an example of a control volume in thermodynamics?

An example of a control volume in thermodynamics could be a steam turbine, where the control volume is the region within the turbine and the energy balance equation is used to analyze the energy transfer and work done within the turbine.

4. How is the energy balance equation used in practical applications?

The energy balance equation is used in practical applications to analyze and optimize energy systems, such as power plants, engines, and refrigeration systems. It allows engineers to understand the energy transfer and work done within a system, and make improvements to increase efficiency and performance.

5. What are some limitations of the energy balance equation for control volume?

Some limitations of the energy balance equation for control volume include assumptions made in its derivation, such as the neglect of kinetic and potential energy changes, and the assumption of steady-state conditions. Additionally, it may not accurately account for all forms of energy transfer, such as radiation or chemical reactions.

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