Understanding the Meissner Effect: Causes and Explanation

In summary, the Meissner effect occurs because of the creation of eddy currents in the surface of a material below its critical temperature (Tc), which oppose and cancel any internal magnetic field. Above Tc, these eddy currents do not occur and the material behaves like a normal material. It is still unclear why these eddy currents form at low temperatures, but it is believed that the presence of electrons with non-zero momentum in the material causes them to cancel out the magnetic field. Additionally, above Tc, there is resistance in the material which prevents the formation of eddy currents, leading to no expulsion of the magnetic field.
  • #1
pleasehelpmeno
157
0
I am trying to understand WHY the Meissner effect occurs NOT WHAT the Meissner effect is.

Does it occur because below Tc eddy currents are created in the surface of the material and these oppose and cancel any internal B field. Then above Tc these do not occur and it behaves like a normal material? I don't however know why these eddy currents would create themselves at low T
 
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  • #2
Then above Tc these do not occur and it behaves like a normal material?
More precise: Above Tc then cannot exist permanently, as there is a resistance in the material.
I don't however know why these eddy currents would create themselves at low T
You always have electrons with non-zero momentum in the material. In the presence of a magnetic field, they will "move in circles" (careful: classical picture), so the magnetic field is cancelled.
 
  • #3
Sorry, just to confirm above Tc there is resistance so eddy currents can't form, hence no B expulsion?
 
  • #4
Right.
 

1. What is the Meissner effect?

The Meissner effect is a phenomenon in which a superconductor expels all magnetic fields from its interior when it is cooled below a certain critical temperature. This creates a perfect diamagnetic response, meaning the superconductor repels any external magnetic fields.

2. What causes the Meissner effect?

The Meissner effect is caused by the formation of Cooper pairs, which are pairs of electrons that behave as a single entity at extremely low temperatures. These Cooper pairs are able to flow without resistance, resulting in the expulsion of magnetic fields and the superconductivity of the material.

3. How is the Meissner effect different from normal diamagnetism?

The Meissner effect is different from normal diamagnetism because it occurs at a specific critical temperature, called the superconducting transition temperature, and only in superconducting materials. Normal diamagnetism, on the other hand, can occur in any material but is typically much weaker.

4. What are the applications of the Meissner effect?

The Meissner effect has many practical applications, including in magnetic levitation for high-speed trains, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines, and particle accelerators. It also allows for the creation of powerful magnets for use in research and industry.

5. Can the Meissner effect be observed in everyday materials?

No, the Meissner effect can only be observed in materials that have been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically below -263 degrees Celsius. These materials are known as superconductors and are not commonly found in everyday objects.

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