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Whether dθ/dx is positive or negative has no physical significance. Heat flow is always from hotter to cooler. The sign depends on where you put the origin and where the hot end is in relation to the origin.Ronaldo95163 said:
If the hot end is at the origin (x=0) and the cool end at x=20cm then:Ronaldo95163 said:
Thermal physics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of matter at a microscopic level, focusing on the movement and transfer of heat energy. It addresses topics such as temperature, heat, and the properties of materials at different temperatures.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, while heat is the total amount of energy transferred between two objects due to a temperature difference. In simpler terms, temperature is a measure of the intensity of heat, while heat is a measure of the quantity of energy.
The three modes of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects, convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, and radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be transferred or converted from one form to another. In other words, the total energy of a closed system remains constant.
Thermal equilibrium is a state in which two objects or systems are at the same temperature and there is no net flow of heat between them. This means that the rate of heat transfer from one object to the other is equal to the rate of heat transfer from the other to the first object.
