You have two equations, omega = alpha * t, and fi = ½ * alpha * t^2, these equations are like v = at and s = ½at^2 in linear motion. You also have two unkwons, so you can solve both.
Then use M = J*alpha.
Gradient FAQ or guide/introduction would be marvellous! I've been trying to learn about them but I still lack some general understanding. (I can do problems but still have no "clear picture".) If someone can suggest websites, please do so. I'm still in high school so self-studying this kind of...
Yes there is current if the circuit is closed.
E = bvB \sin{\alpha} , here \alpha = \pi.
You can deduce the latter from this: E = \frac{d \Phi}{dt} when you remember that A (t) = ab (t) = vtb .