Why the sky is blue and not violet

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SUMMARY

The sky appears blue rather than violet due to the human eye's sensitivity to different wavelengths of light and the absorption of violet light by the ozone layer. Human color vision relies on three types of receptors that are less sensitive to violet wavelengths, resulting in a diminished perception of violet compared to blue. Additionally, the spectrum of sunlight contains lower levels of violet light, further contributing to this phenomenon. This discussion highlights the interplay between light intensity, wavelength sensitivity, and color perception.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Tristimulus Colour Vision theory
  • Basic knowledge of light wavelengths and their properties
  • Familiarity with the role of the ozone layer in light absorption
  • Concept of human sensory perception and discrimination
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the Tristimulus Colour Vision theory in detail
  • Explore the effects of the ozone layer on light wavelengths
  • Study the relationship between light intensity and color perception
  • Investigate human auditory perception and its parallels with visual perception
USEFUL FOR

Students of optics, educators in physics or biology, and anyone interested in the science of color perception and atmospheric phenomena.

sunmoon
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Though the intensity of violet light is more than that of blue we see the sky blue.Why this happens?Does it happen only for that our eyes are more sensible towards blue light than violet light or due to absorption of violet light by Ozone layer? And why different light waves having different intensity produce different sensation in our eyes?
 
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This question has been asked many times on PF. Please see the links that appear below under "Similar discussions." For instance, you could check out Why the sky is blue and not violet, which has exactly the same title as your thread.
 
sunmoon said:
And why different light waves having different intensity produce different sensation in our eyes?
Our colour vision relies precisely on this. We have three sets of receptors that have varying sensitivities over the range of visible radiation and our brain takes in the combination of outputs from the three sensors and 'categorises' them into colours (Search Tristimulus Colour Vision theory"). The sensitivity of the sensors to wavelengths corresponding to Violet is very low (it's right on the 'skirts' of sensitivity). Also, the spectrum of Sunlight is relatively low in Violet content so we just don't care too much about Violet (in a manner of speaking) and doesn't discriminate too much. If you change the amount of the 'violet wavelengths' in the light entering the eye, it will make very little difference to the perceived colour; the colour that the brain assigns to what is seen.
OTOH, there are other wavelengths to which the eye/brain are much more discriminating about.
There is an analogous thing in our perception of musical pitch. We have very poor discrimination of musical notes at the extremens of our audible frequency range, compared with our discrimination in the mid range. (You can replace the very highest and lowest audible frequencies with hisses and thumps without spoiling the listening experience too much.
 

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