Algebra - Quartz Tuning Fork Watch

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the physics of quartz tuning fork watches, specifically how temperature affects the frequency of the tuning fork. The frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the fork's length, described by the equation f = c / √l, where l is the length of the fork. The thermal expansion coefficient for quartz is αQuartz = 0.59 × 10-6/°C. The problem requires calculating the fractional gain or loss in time for a 6mm tuning fork at temperatures of 0°C and 30°C, using the linear thermal expansion formula ΔL = αL0ΔT.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermal expansion concepts, specifically linear thermal expansion.
  • Familiarity with the relationship between frequency and length in oscillating systems.
  • Knowledge of basic algebraic manipulation to solve equations.
  • Basic understanding of temperature effects on material properties, particularly quartz.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the effects of temperature on the frequency of oscillating systems in detail.
  • Learn how to apply the linear thermal expansion formula in practical scenarios.
  • Explore the relationship between mechanical properties and electrical signals in quartz watches.
  • Investigate the implications of frequency changes on timekeeping accuracy in quartz watches.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those interested in thermodynamics and material properties, as well as watchmakers and engineers involved in the design of quartz timekeeping mechanisms.

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Algebra - "Quartz Tuning Fork" Watch

Homework Statement


Many modern watches operate based on a small quartz tuning fork which transduces a mechanical oscillation into an electrical signal. The frequency of the tuning fork is
inversely proportional to sqrt(l), with l being the length of the fork. If the watch keeps perfect time at 20°C, what is the fractional gain or less in time for a quartz tuning fork that is 6mm long at:
(a) 0°C
(b) 30°C
Hint: try working this out algebraically. The changes are small and prone to rounding issues.

αQuartz = 0.59 × 10-6/°C


Homework Equations


Not sure if the following equations are useful, but my topic of study right now is based on thermal expansion, as well as calculations based on heat energy (Q = mcΔT).
ΔL = αL0ΔT (linear thermal expansion)

If a body has length L0 at temperature T0, then its length L at a temperature T = T0 + ΔT is:
L = L0 + ΔL = L0 + αL0ΔT = L0(1 + αΔT)


Q = mcΔT


The Attempt at a Solution


This question appears to me on a topic that I haven't touched so far in my Physics class; however, I know that the topics I am studying is interconnected with this question somehow. From what I read from the question, I concluded that frequency = 1/√length but I don't know how to incorporate that into an equation in which I can find a "ratio." I am stuck here and do not know how to further approach this problem.
 
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What is the frequency at the higher temperature? What is it ratio with that of the "perfect" frequency?
 


I understand that I need to compare the ratio of the frequencies at 0°C and 30°C with that of the "perfect" frequency at 20°C, however, I don't know how to express both frequencies in equations that I can compare them to each other. Can you shine some light on that please?
 


The frequency is said to be inversely proportional to ## \sqrt {l} ##, which means it is a product of some constant ## c ## and ## \frac 1 {\sqrt {l} } ##, i.e., ## f = \frac {c} {\sqrt {l} } ##. ## l ## changes with temperature, ## c ## does not.
 

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