An alternator consumes energy primarily due to the magnetic forces at play, specifically as described by Lenz's Law. When electric current increases in the stator windings, it generates a magnetic field that opposes the rotor's motion, making it more difficult for the rotor to turn. This opposition creates a resistive force that contributes to energy consumption. Additionally, friction within the alternator components also plays a role in energy loss.
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The force is magnetic. The increase of an electric current creates a magnetic field that opposes the increase (Lenz's Law). The increase of electric current in the stator windings causes the magnetic field of those windings to build up and make it harder for the rotor (which is a magnet) to turn.strathcona93 said:Would someone be able to explain the physics behind how an alternator consumes energy? Obviously there is friction but what force is pushing back on the rotor? How does getting the electrons moving in the wire push back on the magnetic core?