Angle determination of Sum-Frequency Generation in BBO

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the angles for a third-order autocorrelator using two BBO crystals for Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG). The user, Eoraptor, successfully calculated the turning angle for the first BBO crystal at approximately θ=28.65° but struggles with the SFG configuration, specifically the angles θ1, θ2, and Θ. The equations governing the SFG process were clarified, and the user sought advice on solving the resulting system of equations, which is underdetermined with two equations and three variables. MATLAB's fsolve function was mentioned as a tool attempted for solving the equations.

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Eoraptor
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Hi,

1. Homework Statement

I have difficulties to get the correct angles for a third-order autocorrelator and I hope you can help me.
In my setup are two BBO Crystalls, the first for SHG (Second-harmonic Generation) and the second for SFG (Sum-Frequency Generation).

The Laser is a ultrashort-pulse Ti:Sapphire (λ_1 around 800 nm), the BBO Crystals are 50 µm big.

The calculation for the first BBO (SHG) wasn't really easy (I didn't have a "Nonlinear Optics" class), but I needed only to search for one variable, Θ
For my parameters, I got around θ= 28,65° (as turning angle for the crystal)
The complete calculation is here: https://www.overleaf.com/2792476gxqntk

The SFG is Type-II, so non-collinear and I need to determine $$θ_1, θ_2$$ (from the incoming rays) and Θ, the optical axis of the crystal. All I got are two Equations, which is rather difficult (for me) to solve.

Homework Equations


In general, the equations are:
$$ω_1+ω_2=ω_3$$
and
$$k_1 + k_2 = k_3$$

In the more specific case of SFG in o-e-o Configuration, these are the equations:
$$n_o(ω)\cdot sin(Θ_1) = n(θ+θ_2)\cdot sin(θ_2)$$
$$n_o(ω) \cdot cos(Θ_1) + n(θ+θ_2) \cdot cos(θ_2)=2\cdot n(Θ,2ω)$$

I have found two possible ways to calculate the angles:

The first is similar to the calculation of non-collinear SHG like in this picture from "The fundamentals of photonics"(Saleh&Teich,2007) which I wanted to transfer to SFG.
[CH-21]
lSAFE1A.png

Here we have $$θ_1, θ_2$$ and the crystal axis $$θ$$

Another attempt is, that there is $$θ_1, θ_2$$ and $$θ_3$$ as angle for each beam.

The Attempt at a Solution



For the first way (like in the fundamentals of photonics) I calculated the following:
https://www.overleaf.com/2795897bqfyps

which results in
\begin{align}
n_1&=n_o(\omega) \\
n_2&=n_e=n(\Theta+\Theta_2,2\omega)=\sqrt{\left( \dfrac{\cos^2(\Theta+\Theta_2)}{n_o^2(2\omega)}+\dfrac{\sin^2(\Theta+\Theta_2)}{n_e^2(2\omega)} \right) ^{-1}} \\
n_3&=n_e=n(\Theta,3\omega)=\sqrt{\left( \dfrac{\cos^2(\Theta)}{n_o^2(3\omega)}+\dfrac{\sin^2(\Theta)}{n_e^2(3\omega)} \right) ^{-1}}
\end{align}

For the second way, I got the following results:

\begin{align}
n_1&=n_o(\omega) \\
n_2&=n_e=n(\Theta_2,2\omega)=\sqrt{\left( \dfrac{\cos^2(\Theta_2)}{n_o^2(2\omega)}+\dfrac{\sin^2(\Theta_2)}{n_e^2(2\omega)} \right) ^{-1}} \\
n_3&=n_e=n(\Theta_3,3\omega)=\sqrt{\left( \dfrac{\cos^2(\Theta_3)}{n_o^2(3\omega)}+\dfrac{\sin^2(\Theta_3)}{n_e^2(3\omega)} \right) ^{-1}}
\end{align}

My Question(s):Which is the correct way to embed these angles?

And I always get only two equations but three variables, so the system is undetermined. What are some tricks to solve such a system? I have access to MATLAB and tried my luck with fsolve(…) or made 3 nested for loops, to test between -90° and +90° for each angle if the equations are 0.

But I had no luck so far.

I would really appreciate your help.

Thanks,

Eoraptor
 
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I made a small mistake:
Eoraptor said:
In the more specific case of SFG in o-e-o Configuration, these are the equations:
$$n_o(ω)\sin(Θ_1)=n(θ+θ_2)⋅sin(θ_2)$$
$$n_o(ω)⋅cos(Θ_1)+n(θ+θ_2)⋅cos(θ_2)=2⋅n(Θ,2ω)$$​
These are the equations from the SHG exercise (from the book) and are not the equations for SFG

The SFG equations (my first Version) would be:
$$n_o(ω)\sin(Θ_1)=2n(θ+θ_2,2ω)⋅sin(θ_2)$$
$$n_o(ω)⋅cos(Θ_1)+2n(θ+θ_2,2ω)⋅cos(θ_2)=3⋅n(Θ,3ω)$$​

The equations under "

The Attempt at a Solution

" should be correct.
 

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