Angular Velocity in the Rotating systems

In summary, the conversation discusses a body rotating with constant angular velocity about an axis passing through the origin. The origin is fixed and the discussion takes place in a fixed coordinate system. The author presents a vector of constant magnitude and direction in the rotating system and its representation in the fixed system. The question of verifying ##\dot{r} = \omega \times r## is raised and the author confirms that it is correct, but needs to be multiplied by a factor of the unknown ##\alpha##. The author then asks if the reader can find the values of ##\omega_1, \omega_2, \omega_3## such that the vector expression given is equal to the dot product of ##\dot{r}
  • #1
WMDhamnekar
MHB
376
28
Thread moved from the technical forums to the schoolwork forums
Summary: Consider a body which is rotating with constant angular velocity ω about some
axis passing through the origin. Assume the origin is fixed, and that we are sitting
in a fixed coordinate system ##O_{xyz}##
If ##\rho## is a vector of constant magnitude and constant direction in the rotating system,
then its representation r in the fixed system must be a function of t.

1655031471029.png

1655031551071.png


Now how to verify ##\dot{r}= \omega \times r ##
My attempt:

1655031782591.png
 
  • Like
Likes Delta2
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
[itex]\omega[/itex] should be parallel to the axis of rotation, which here is [itex](0,0,1)^T[/itex]. So you need to double check your calculation of [itex]\dot R R^T[/itex]. Remember that [itex]\dot R = \dot\alpha \dfrac{dR}{d\alpha}[/itex].
 
  • Like
  • Informative
Likes WMDhamnekar and Delta2
  • #3
pasmith said:
[itex]\omega[/itex] should be parallel to the axis of rotation, which here is [itex](0,0,1)^T[/itex]. So you need to double check your calculation of [itex]\dot R R^T[/itex]. Remember that [itex]\dot R = \dot\alpha \dfrac{dR}{d\alpha}[/itex].
I got as author said ## \dot{r}(v) =\omega \times r ## So, I tagged this question ' SOLVED'
 
Last edited:
  • #4
Tour [itex]\dot R R^T[/itex] is correct, but needs to be multiplied by a factor of [itex]\dor \alpha[/itex], which is unknown. Then you have [tex]
\dot R R^T \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{pmatrix} = \dot \alpha \begin{pmatrix}-y \\ x \\ 0 \end{pmatrix}[/tex]. Can you find [itex](\omega_1,\omega_2,\omega_3)[/itex] such that [tex]
\begin{pmatrix} \omega_1 \\ \omega_2 \\ \omega_3 \end{pmatrix} \times \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{pmatrix}
= \dot \alpha\begin{pmatrix} -y \\ x \\ 0\end{pmatrix}?[/tex]
 
  • #5
pasmith said:
Tour [itex]\dot R R^T[/itex] is correct, but needs to be multiplied by a factor of [itex]\dor \alpha[/itex], which is unknown. Then you have [tex]
\dot R R^T \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{pmatrix} = \dot \alpha \begin{pmatrix}-y \\ x \\ 0 \end{pmatrix}[/tex]. Can you find [itex](\omega_1,\omega_2,\omega_3)[/itex] such that [tex]
\begin{pmatrix} \omega_1 \\ \omega_2 \\ \omega_3 \end{pmatrix} \times \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{pmatrix}
= \dot \alpha\begin{pmatrix} -y \\ x \\ 0\end{pmatrix}?[/tex]
Hi,
## [ 0,0,1] \times [ -y \sin{\alpha} + x \cos{\alpha}, y\cos{\alpha} + x \sin{\alpha}, z ] = [ -y \cos{\alpha}-x\sin{\alpha}, -y\sin{\alpha}+ x\cos{\alpha}, 0 ] = \omega \times r = \dot{r} ##

So, we get what author said/got.
 

1. What is angular velocity in a rotating system?

Angular velocity in a rotating system is a measure of the rate at which an object rotates around a fixed point. It is typically measured in radians per second and can be thought of as the object's rotational speed.

2. How is angular velocity different from linear velocity?

Angular velocity is a measure of rotational speed, while linear velocity is a measure of straight-line speed. Angular velocity takes into account the distance from the axis of rotation, while linear velocity does not.

3. What factors affect angular velocity in a rotating system?

The main factors that affect angular velocity in a rotating system are the radius of rotation, the mass of the object, and the applied torque or force. These factors determine the object's moment of inertia, which is a key component in calculating angular velocity.

4. How is angular velocity related to centripetal acceleration?

Angular velocity and centripetal acceleration are closely related in a rotating system. Centripetal acceleration is the rate of change of an object's linear velocity as it moves along a curved path, while angular velocity is the rate of change of an object's angular displacement. The two are related by the equation a = ω²r, where a is centripetal acceleration, ω is angular velocity, and r is the radius of rotation.

5. How is angular velocity measured and expressed?

Angular velocity is typically measured in radians per second (rad/s) using specialized equipment such as tachometers or encoders. It can also be calculated by dividing the change in angular displacement by the change in time. Angular velocity can be expressed as a scalar or a vector, with the direction of the vector indicating the direction of rotation.

Similar threads

  • Mechanical Engineering
Replies
3
Views
450
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
32
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
643
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
8
Views
332
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
11
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
2
Replies
45
Views
2K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
1K
  • Calculus and Beyond Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Classical Physics
Replies
6
Views
2K
Back
Top