Photons are elementary particles that make up all forms of electromagnetic radiation, including light. They have zero mass, but carry energy and momentum.
No, photons do not have gravitational mass. They have energy and momentum, but not mass. This means they do not experience the effects of gravity in the same way that massive particles do.
Although photons do not have mass, they are still affected by gravity. This is because they have energy and momentum, which can be influenced by gravitational forces. In fact, photons can be bent by the gravitational pull of massive objects, such as stars or black holes.
Time dilation is the phenomenon where time moves slower for objects moving at high speeds or in strong gravitational fields. Since photons travel at the speed of light and do not experience gravity in the same way as massive objects, they do not experience time dilation.
Einstein's theory of general relativity states that massive objects can cause the curvature of spacetime. This means that photons can be affected by the curvature of spacetime caused by massive objects, such as planets or stars. This is why photons can be bent by the gravitational pull of these objects.
