At the most elementary level what causes particles to have momentum?

[fuglehazard]

What is momentum? At the most elementary level what causes particles to have momentum? Also, does the higgs particle concern only a possible explanation for gravity or momentum as well?

 

[bp_psy]

What is momentum?

$$\vec{p}=m\vec{v}$$
Just that.

 

[map19]

Momentum is nothing without inertia.
Why does mass have inertia ? Nobody knows.
The Higgs particle is an attempt to find a mechanism for particles getting inertia. the suggestion is that there is an all-encompassing field (or two, or three...) whose quantum is the Higgs boson.
particles start with no inertia or mass, then they eat a few Higgs and get mass.
Don't think so.
I'm in good company, Hawking also doesn't think so.
The LHC may resolve this question.