Avalanche relaxation oscillator biasing resistor

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the operation and design of an avalanche relaxation oscillator circuit, specifically focusing on the role of the biasing resistor R3 and the potential use of alternative components like a TVS diode. The scope includes technical explanations and conceptual clarifications related to circuit behavior and component interactions.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant reports successful operation of the circuit, achieving 2ns clear pulses at 150 V, and seeks clarification on the function of the resistor R3.
  • Another participant explains that R3 provides a DC path for the base current, preventing the transistor from conducting prematurely due to collector-base leakage current, which could lead to operation in the linear region instead of the desired negative resistance region.
  • A participant questions why the base cannot simply be connected to ground without a resistor, indicating a lack of understanding of R3's role.
  • Another reply suggests that R3 limits the current through the base and emphasizes the importance of directing current through the emitter resistor to generate an output signal, noting that the breakdown of the collector-base junction will lead to current taking the lowest resistance path.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the necessity and function of the resistor R3, with some providing explanations while others seek further clarification. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the optimal configuration for the base connection.

Contextual Notes

Participants have not fully explored the implications of using a TVS or avalanche diode in place of the transistor, and there may be assumptions about the circuit's behavior that are not explicitly stated.

coquelicot
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I've tried the circuit in this article. It works very well and I've obtained 2ns clear pulses at 150 V (the main issue was to find the right avalanche voltage, which turned out to be 150-160V for my 2n3904 transistor).
While the basic principles of operation in this circuit is clear for me, I does not fully understand the role of the resistor R3. In what sense is it supposed to "bias" the transistor?
Also, is it possible to use a TVS or another avalanche type diode in place of the transistor?
 
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R3 provides a DC path for the Base current. If the Base is left floating, the transistor starts conducting as the Collector-Base leakage current starts flowing. This happens at a much lower voltage than the avalanche voltage and the transistor starts operating in the linear region, not in the negative resistance of the avalanche region.

There are two immediate consequences to this:
1) The Collector voltage never gets up to the avalanche voltage
2) The transistor operates as a resistor and just heats up

The end result is you don't have an oscillator any more.

Cheers,
Tom
 
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Thank you for your answer. But why not simply connect the base to the ground without any resistor? that's the exact role of the resistor that I don't understand.
 
Probably to limit the current thru the base.

You want the current to go thru the Emitter resistor to generate an output signal. Inside the transistor, the Base is between the Collector and Emitter. Once the Collector-Base junction breaks down, the majority of the current will take the lowest resistance path back to the power source.

You could try it and see what happens, assuming you have a spare transistor around to maybe sacrifice.
 
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