Ball sliding on 3d-inclined plane

In summary, the problem is to determine the time (t) it takes for a solid ball to reach the bottom of an inclined plane, given its initial velocity v0 and elevation angle Θ. Two methods were used to solve the problem, one using rotational dynamics and linear kinematics and the other using conservation of energy. The answers obtained from the two methods were different due to the mistake of using a = g sin Θ in the kinematics equation, when the acceleration should have been adjusted for friction. The correct answer can be obtained by using the correct acceleration value in the kinematics equation.
  • #1
terryds
392
13

Homework Statement



http://www.sumoware.com/images/temp/xzdmdjtlksnfhiqc.png
A solid ball rolls perfectly with initial velocity v0 in horizontal axis ( y-axis ) on an inclined plane with elevation angle Θ as the picture above shown. This ball moves turning due to the gravitational acceleration till it has traveled distance L in x-axis when it's at the bottom of the plane.
Determine the time (t) the ball needs to get to the bottom of the plane ! (The ball doesn't slip while rolling)

Homework Equations


Rotational dynamics equation and linear kinematics equation
Or conservation of energy equation

The Attempt at a Solution



I have two methods to solve the problem. But, the answers are different.

Using rot. dynamics equation and linear kinematics.
I just consider the x-axis since it's what the question asks.
ΣFx = ma
mg sin Θ - f = ma (Note : f is friction force)
f = mg sin Θ - ma

Στ = I α
f R = I α
f R = I (a/R)
(mg sin Θ - ma) R = (2/5) m R^2 (a/R)
mg sin Θ - ma = (2/5) m a
g sin Θ - a = (2/5) a
(7/5) a = g sin Θ
a = (5/7) g sin Θ

Then, I use the kinematics equation
L = 0.5 a t^2
2L/a = t^2
14L/ (5g sin Θ) = t^2
t = √(14L/5g sinΘ)

But, using conservation of energy, I get different answer
m g sin Θ L = (1/2) m v^2 + (1/2) I ω^2
m g sin Θ L = (1/2) m v^2 + (1/2) (2/5 m R^2) (v^2 / R^2)
g sin Θ L = (1/2) v^2 + (1/5) m v^2
g sin Θ L = (7/10) v^2
v = √(10 g sin Θ L / 7 )

Then, I use the kinematics
vt = vox + a t
√(10 g sin Θ L / 7 ) = 0 + g sin Θ t
t = √(10L/7g sin Θ)


Which one is correct? Why?
 
Last edited by a moderator:
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  • #2
terryds said:

Homework Statement



http://www.sumoware.com/images/temp/xzdmdjtlksnfhiqc.png
A solid ball rolls perfectly with initial velocity v0 in horizontal axis ( y-axis ) on an inclined plane with elevation angle Θ as the picture above shown. This ball moves turning due to the gravitational acceleration till it has traveled distance L in x-axis when it's at the bottom of the plane.
Determine the time (t) the ball needs to get to the bottom of the plane ! (The ball doesn't slip while rolling)

Homework Equations


Rotational dynamics equation and linear kinematics equation
Or conservation of energy equation

The Attempt at a Solution



I have two methods to solve the problem. But, the answers are different.

Using rot. dynamics equation and linear kinematics.
I just consider the x-axis since it's what the question asks.
ΣFx = ma
mg sin Θ - f = ma (Note : f is friction force)
f = mg sin Θ - ma

Στ = I α
f R = I α
f R = I (a/R)
(mg sin Θ - ma) R = (2/5) m R^2 (a/R)
mg sin Θ - ma = (2/5) m a
g sin Θ - a = (2/5) a
(7/5) a = g sin Θ
a = (5/7) g sin Θ

Then, I use the kinematics equation
L = 0.5 a t^2
2L/a = t^2
14L/ (5g sin Θ) = t^2
t = √(14L/5g sinΘ)

But, using conservation of energy, I get different answer
m g sin Θ L = (1/2) m v^2 + (1/2) I ω^2
m g sin Θ L = (1/2) m v^2 + (1/2) (2/5 m R^2) (v^2 / R^2)
g sin Θ L = (1/2) v^2 + (1/5) m v^2
g sin Θ L = (7/10) v^2
v = √(10 g sin Θ L / 7 )

Then, I use the kinematics
vt = vox + a t
√(10 g sin Θ L / 7 ) = 0 + g sin Θ t
t = √(10L/7g sin Θ)


Which one is correct? Why?

Oops.. I think that I forgot that the acceleration is not g sin theta since there is friction.. ( I used a = g sin theta in using the kinematics )
Problem Solved :)
 
Last edited by a moderator:

1. How does the angle of the incline affect the speed of the ball?

The steeper the incline, the faster the ball will roll down due to the force of gravity pulling it downwards.

2. What force is responsible for the ball's movement on the inclined plane?

The force of gravity is responsible for the ball's movement on the inclined plane. This force is the result of the Earth's mass pulling objects towards its center.

3. How does the mass of the ball affect its movement on the inclined plane?

The mass of the ball does not affect its movement on the inclined plane. The force of gravity acts on all objects equally, regardless of their mass.

4. What other factors besides the angle of the incline can affect the ball's movement?

The surface of the inclined plane, air resistance, and the shape and surface of the ball can also affect its movement on the inclined plane. Additionally, the acceleration due to gravity may vary slightly depending on the location.

5. Can the ball's velocity be calculated using equations?

Yes, the ball's velocity can be calculated using equations such as the kinematic equations of motion. These equations take into account factors such as the angle of the incline, acceleration due to gravity, and the initial velocity of the ball.

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