Betatron, Electron accerating at a constant radius

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the behavior of an electron undergoing cyclotron motion in a transverse magnetic field, specifically addressing the relationship between the magnetic field and the kinetic energy of the electron. It is established that the induced electric field, resulting from the time-varying magnetic field, is responsible for increasing the electron's kinetic energy. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that if the magnetic field at the cyclotron radius \( r_0 \) is half of the average magnetic field across the orbit, the radius \( r_0 \) remains constant over time, assuming nonrelativistic speeds.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of cyclotron motion and its equations
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic induction principles
  • Familiarity with the concept of magnetic fields and their effects on charged particles
  • Basic calculus for handling integrals and derivatives
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of electromagnetic induction in detail
  • Learn about the mathematical derivation of cyclotron motion equations
  • Explore the implications of nonrelativistic versus relativistic speeds in particle motion
  • Investigate the role of electric fields induced by changing magnetic fields
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, particularly those studying electromagnetism and particle dynamics, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to cyclotron motion and electromagnetic induction.

forceface
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Homework Statement


An electron with speed v, undergoing cyclotron motion in a transverse magnetic field B(r) at cyclotron radius r0, given r0 = mv/[eB(r0)], can be accelerated by ramping the B field in time.
(a) Since magnetic fields do no work,what is increasing thwe kinetic energy of the electron?
(b) Show that if the magnetic field at r0 is half of the average across the orbit,
B(r0,t)= 1/(2πr02)∫B(r,t) da
then the radius r0 of the orbit must be constant in time. Assume nonrelativistic speeds

1. The attempt at a solution
(a) This is the easy part, since the magnetic field is changing in time an electric field is induced and that is what is increasing the kinetic energy of the electron.
(b) I have worked out why the given equation is true but I would rather not write the whole thing out. So given this equation how do I prove that the radius is constant in time?
 
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I haven't tried working this out, but I'll suggest you could try to show that ##dr_0/dt = 0##.
 
When I try your suggestions I come up with B dv/dt = dB/dt v. But I am still not sure how this along with the intergral identity helps show what I want.
 

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