Calculating Current Gain of Op Amp for Converting Picoamps to Volts?

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on converting picoamp current signals to a voltage range of 1-5V using an operational amplifier (op amp), specifically the TL071 model. Users emphasize the challenges of amplifying such low current levels due to issues like input bias current and PCB leakage. Recommendations include using multiple gain stages and researching current-to-voltage converter circuits. The discussion highlights the importance of understanding op amp specifications, particularly input bias and offset currents, to achieve effective amplification.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of operational amplifiers, specifically the TL071 model.
  • Knowledge of current-to-voltage conversion techniques.
  • Familiarity with PCB design considerations for low-current applications.
  • Basic principles of gain stages in electronic circuits.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research "current-to-voltage converter op amp" circuits for practical implementations.
  • Study the specifications of the TL071 op amp, focusing on input bias and offset currents.
  • Explore techniques for minimizing PCB leakage currents in low-current applications.
  • Learn about multi-stage amplification methods to enhance signal processing.
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Electronics engineers, hobbyists designing low-current detection circuits, and anyone involved in signal amplification for sensitive applications.

d.sonali20
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current gain of an op amp?

Homework Statement



need to convert current(output of a detector) in the range of pico amps to voltage between 1-5V

Homework Equations



(to connect to an adc)

The Attempt at a Solution



I've connected an op amp(for current amplification) to a resistor(to convert the amplified current into voltage)and grounded it and a friend suggested using TL071 op amp.but i don't know much about op amps.
what i want to know is for a certain input current and for a certain op amp how can i calculate the output current?
only by knowing that i can calculate the value of the resistor to be used
the data sheet gives voltage gain but not current gain.
please help me out
 
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d.sonali20 said:

Homework Statement



need to convert current(output of a detector) in the range of pico amps to voltage between 1-5V

Homework Equations



(to connect to an adc)

The Attempt at a Solution



I've connected an op amp(for current amplification) to a resistor(to convert the amplified current into voltage)and grounded it and a friend suggested using TL071 op amp.but i don't know much about op amps.
what i want to know is for a certain input current and for a certain op amp how can i calculate the output current?
only by knowing that i can calculate the value of the resistor to be used
the data sheet gives voltage gain but not current gain.
please help me out

Welcome to the PF.

Amplifying picoAmp signals is very non-trivial, unless you can assume an ideal opamp (with no input bias current and no input offset currents or voltages). If you want to use a real opamp, you will need to find one with very little input bias current. Have a look at the TL071 opamp's spec for input bias current and input offset current and voltage, and see if you can find a better candidate.

Still, even with a very good opamp, it is very hard to amplify currents in the picoamps. Leakage currents alone on the PCB will be on that same order, unless you do some special things to the PCB (both in layout and in coatings). And there is also the issue of bandwidth -- what is the bandwidth of the input current?

Can you say more about the problem statement? Can you assume an ideal opamp? If so, look up "current to voltage converter opamp" with Google Images (leave out the quotes) to see the typical circuit that is used. I'd also recommend using several stages of gain -- it is not practical to go from picoAmps to Volts in a single gain stage. After the first current-to-voltage converter stage, the subsequent gain stages can just be voltage amplifiers.
 
Last edited:


d.sonali20 said:

Homework Statement



need to convert current(output of a detector) in the range of pico amps to voltage between 1-5V

Homework Equations



(to connect to an adc)

The Attempt at a Solution



I've connected an op amp(for current amplification) to a resistor(to convert the amplified current into voltage)and grounded it and a friend suggested using TL071 op amp.but i don't know much about op amps.
what i want to know is for a certain input current and for a certain op amp how can i calculate the output current?
only by knowing that i can calculate the value of the resistor to be used
the data sheet gives voltage gain but not current gain.
please help me out

You didn't provide us with a schematic or a sketch so it's not very clear what you're talking about, is this essentially what you have?

attachment.php?attachmentid=36108&d=1307036584.jpg


If so, it's going to take an impractically large resistance value to convert a mere few pico amps to suitable range of say 1-5V.
 

Attachments

  • CurrentToVoltageOpAmp.jpg
    CurrentToVoltageOpAmp.jpg
    3.4 KB · Views: 1,140


@jegues
its pretty much the same...but the output is not grounded
 

Attachments

  • ROCKETRY CKT.gif
    ROCKETRY CKT.gif
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@berkeman
multiple gain stages is a good idea..
can you suggest a circuit?
and is there no way to find the exact current gain given by an op amp??
 
Last edited by a moderator:


d.sonali20 said:
@jegues
its pretty much the same...but the output is not grounded

His sketch does not ground the output of the opamp. It represents an opamp output voltage that is referenced to ground (like the load resistance is between the opamp output and ground). That is standard notation.
 


d.sonali20 said:
@berkeman
multiple gain stages is a good idea..
can you suggest a circuit?
and is there no way to find the exact current gain given by an op amp??

jegues showed you the first gain stage already -- that is what you would have seen if you would have used my Google Images suggestion.

And you have not answered any of my questions from my initial reply. Your circuit will never work unless you address my initial questions.
 


SORRY for this late reply...
@berkeman
oops!that was what i wanted to say...what a blunder!

and about your initial questions...the op amp cannot be assumed to be ideal because i have to build this circuit.
and about the bandwidth of input current...
i searched for it but couldn't find it...i didn't know till you told me that current can have a bandwidth.can you please explain how current, which is nothing but a stream of electrons,can have a bandwidth?
 

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