Calculating Phi: A Sin Wave Explained

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the phase shift, phi, in the context of sinusoidal functions, specifically focusing on the equation x(t) = A*cos(wt + phi). Participants are trying to determine how to extract phi from a given sine wave graph, exploring both graphical and mathematical approaches.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant asks how to calculate phi from a sine wave graph, indicating they only have the graph available.
  • Another participant suggests finding the duration of a complete cycle and the time of the first peak to derive phi mathematically.
  • Some participants question whether calculating phi is necessary and propose that it might be possible to read phi directly from the graph.
  • There is a correction regarding the type of wave being discussed, with some participants emphasizing that the focus should be on cosine rather than sine.
  • One participant notes that cosine leads sine by 90 degrees, suggesting that the peak of the cosine wave can indicate the measure of phi.
  • Another participant recommends measuring zero crossings where the slope is maximum for a more accurate graphical approach to determining phi.
  • A participant corrects a typo in the equation, clarifying that it should include the time variable t.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the necessity and methods for calculating phi, with no consensus reached on the best approach. Some advocate for graphical methods while others suggest mathematical calculations.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved assumptions regarding the interpretation of the sine and cosine functions, as well as the implications of phase shifts in different contexts.

jkossis
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A question I have is how is one supposed to calculate phi when simply looking at a sin wave. The equation is of the form x(t) = A*cos(wt + phi). Once again, the only thing i am given is the graph. I appreciate any help you can give!
 
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jkossis said:
A question I have is how is one supposed to calculate phi when simply looking at a sin wave. The equation is of the form x(t) = A*cos(wt + phi). Once again, the only thing i am given is the graph. I appreciate any help you can give!

Welcome to PF, jkossis! :smile:

Find the duration of a complete cycle, which is for instance the time between 2 peaks.
Let's call this T.

Now read off the time of the first peak and let's call this t0.

The first peak corresponds to an angle of zero, so you get: ωt0 + φ=0

Since ω=2pi/T, this yields:
(2pi/T)t0 + φ=0
φ = -(2pi/T)t0
 
jkossis said:
A question I have is how is one supposed to calculate phi when simply looking at a sin wave. The equation is of the form x(t) = A*cos(wt + phi). Once again, the only thing i am given is the graph.
Welcome jcossis !
Are you sure you need to calculate \phi? If you just wish to determine \phi, depending on what your graph looks like, there may be an easier method. You may be able to read \phi directly from your graph. Can you post your graph?
Have you figured out what each of the elements in your equation A cos(\omega + \phi) means? how it relates to the graphical representation? (hint: google is your friend).
 
Hello Bassalisk.

You should be discussing a cosine wave, not a sine wave.

go well
 
Studiot said:
Hello Bassalisk.

You should be discussing a cosine wave, not a sine wave.

go well

Oh darn :D Curse my fast reading ways
 
Cosine leads sine by 90 degrees... and sin begins at the origin, so cosine peaks at the origin.

where ever the peak on your cos signal is, is the measure of phi (phase shift)
 
if you're doing it graphically it's way easier and generally more accurate to measure zero crossings where slope is max instead of peaks where slope is zero...
 
Ouabache said:
Have you figured out what each of the elements in your equation A cos(\omega + \phi) means?
my typo, equation missing time variable t. It should read A cos(\omega t + \phi)
 
Last edited:

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