Calculating the potential difference across a lamp

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Goob
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Homework Statement



The potential divider XZ has a potential of 3.0 V across it. When the contact is at the position Y, the resistance of XY equals the resistance of YZ which equals 12Ω. The resistance of the lamp is 4.0Ω.

Picture of the relevant circuit:
http://www.mediafire.com/view/w8te8yb3zwy4qiu/Screen%20Shot%202014-01-11%20at%207.46.44%20pm.png

Heres a link - can't get the embed to work :/
http://www.mediafire.com/view/w8te8yb3zwy4qiu/Screen Shot 2014-01-11 at 7.46.44 pm.png

Homework Equations



V=IR

1/R1 + 1/R2 = 1/RT

R1 + R2 = RT


The Attempt at a Solution



So far I've worked out the resistance across the lamp from:

1/4 + 1/12 = 3Ω,

Then worked out the total resistance from:

3Ω + 12Ω = 15Ω.

And then worked out the total current from:

I=V/R = 3/15 =0.2A

At this point I know that if I can find the current across the lamp, the pd across the lamp will be easy to find... but this is where I get confused.

Thanks to whoever may answer!
 
Goob said:

Homework Statement



The potential divider XZ has a potential of 3.0 V across it. When the contact is at the position Y, the resistance of XY equals the resistance of YZ which equals 12Ω. The resistance of the lamp is 4.0Ω.

Picture of the relevant circuit:
http://www.mediafire.com/view/w8te8yb3zwy4qiu/Screen%20Shot%202014-01-11%20at%207.46.44%20pm.png

Heres a link - can't get the embed to work :/
http://www.mediafire.com/view/w8te8yb3zwy4qiu/Screen Shot 2014-01-11 at 7.46.44 pm.png

Homework Equations



V=IR

1/R1 + 1/R2 = 1/RT

R1 + R2 = RT


The Attempt at a Solution



So far I've worked out the resistance across the lamp from:

1/4 + 1/12 = 3Ω,

Then worked out the total resistance from:

3Ω + 12Ω = 15Ω.

And then worked out the total current from:

I=V/R = 3/15 =0.2A

At this point I know that if I can find the current across the lamp, the pd across the lamp will be easy to find... but this is where I get confused.

Thanks to whoever may answer!

Hi Goob, Welcome to Physics Forums.

Note that the lamp and the YZ resistance are in parallel, forming the total of 3 Ω that you calculated. What can you say about the potential across parallel components?
 
gneill said:
Hi Goob, Welcome to Physics Forums.

Note that the lamp and the YZ resistance are in parallel, forming the total of 3 Ω that you calculated. What can you say about the potential across parallel components?

I know that in parallel the current adds up, and the voltage in constant,
and in series that the current is constant but the voltage adds up,

so if I calculate the pd across YZ it would be the same as the pd across the bulb.

But if I try to do this I still encounter my original problem - I'm going wrong somewhere :(


edit:

Think I've solved it,

The whole circuit has a resistance of 15Ω, and the parallel component has a total resistance of 3Ω, 1/5 of the total resistance of the circuit. If I just divide the total pd across the circuit by 5, would I get the answer for the pd across the bulb?

This would get me a pd of 0.6V.
 
Last edited:
Goob said:
I know that in parallel the current adds up, and the voltage in constant,
and in series that the current is constant but the voltage adds up,

so if I calculate the pd across YZ it would be the same as the pd across the bulb.

But if I try to do this I still encounter my original problem - I'm going wrong somewhere :(

The potentials across the lamp and resistance YZ are the same Because those components are in parallel. So if you "replace" those components with the 3 Ω equivalent resistance that you calculated, you need only find the potential across that 3 Ω resistance in order to know what the potential across the lamp is, right?

Two circuit schematics side by side: left shows a 3.0 V source, a 12 Ω resistor, and a parallel branch between nodes Y and Z containing a 12 Ω resistor and a 4 Ω lamp, circled in green; right shows the simplified circuit with the 12 Ω resistor and a 3 Ω resistor between Y and Z, with Vx marked across Y and Z.
 
Attachments
  • Two circuit schematics side by side: left shows a 3.0 V source, a 12 Ω resistor, and a parallel branch of a 12 Ω resistor and a 4 Ω lamp between nodes Y and Z, circled in green; right shows the equivalent circuit with the 12 Ω resistor and a 3 Ω resistor between Y and Z, with Vx marked across Y and Z.
    Fig1.gif
    2.5 KB · Views: 1,425
gneill said:
The potentials across the lamp and resistance YZ are the same Because those components are in parallel. So if you "replace" those components with the 3 Ω equivalent resistance that you calculated, you need only find the potential across that 3 Ω resistance in order to know what the potential across the lamp is, right?

Circuit schematic: a 3.0 V source with a 12 Ω resistor above node Y and a 12 Ω resistor below Y to node Z, with a 4 Ω resistor in parallel across the lower pair, circled in green and an arrow pointing to a simplified circuit with 12 Ω above Y and 3 Ω below Y to Z, labelled Vx between Y and Z.

Yeap, I just solved it along those lines,

Thanks a lot for your help!