Calculating Torque for Gyroscopes to Precess in Hubble Telescope

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the torque required for gyroscopes in the Hubble Space Telescope to precess through a specified angle during an exposure. Participants explore the application of relevant equations and the accuracy of calculations related to torque, angular momentum, and precession over a defined time period.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • The original poster (OP) presents a detailed calculation for torque, including the necessary equations and variables.
  • Some participants identify potential arithmetic mistakes in the OP's calculations, particularly regarding the value of Ω, suggesting it should be 1.16×10^-11 instead of 1.16×10^-12.
  • Others express confidence in the OP's approach while noting the arithmetic error, indicating that the overall method appears correct.
  • The OP later claims that their original answer of 2.92×10^-12 Nm was verified by lecturers, suggesting a possible mistake in the system rather than in their calculations.
  • Another participant points out a second error in the calculation of dt, which should be 18000 seconds instead of 1800 seconds, indicating that there may have been offsetting errors in the OP's calculations.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the OP's approach is valid, but there is disagreement regarding the accuracy of the calculations, with multiple errors identified. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the final correctness of the OP's answer due to conflicting claims about the calculations.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include potential arithmetic errors, dependence on the correct interpretation of variables, and unresolved discrepancies in the calculations presented by the OP and the subsequent corrections suggested by participants.

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The Hubble Space Telescope is stabilized to within an angle of about 2 millionths of a degree by means of a series of gyroscopes that spin at 1.92×104 rpm . Although the structure of these gyroscopes is actually quite complex, we can model each of the gyroscopes as a thin-walled cylinder of mass 2.00 kg and diameter 5.00 cm , spinning about its central axis.

How large a torque would it take to cause these gyroscopes to precess through an angle of 1.20×10-6 degree during a 5.00 hour exposure of a galaxy?

Equations
I=mr2
L=Iω
Ω=dΦ/dt
τ=ΩL

Variables and Conversions
m=2.00kg
r=0.025m
dΦ=(1.20×10-6×2π)/360 = 2.09×10-8 rad
dt=5×60×60=1800s
ω=(1.92×104×2π)/60 = 640π rad/s

Attempt at Solution

I=(2.00kg)(0.025)2=1.25×10-3kgm2
L=(1.25×10-3kgm2)(640π)=4π/5
Ω=(2.09×10-8)/(1800)=1.16×10-12

τ=(1.16×10-12)(4π/5)

=2.92×10-12Nm

My answer is incorrect. Any help would be greatly appreciated. This is the ridiculous "mastering physics" website. It is the most pointless thing ever. I would much rather we were given an assignment to complete as at least then you can receive constructive feedback as opposed to simply being told the answer is wrong.

I am happy to be wrong as long as I can understand why. I am sure I have just made a simple mistake, like use the wrong equation or miscalculate something, but with no guidance I can't fix it.

Thank you.
 
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It looks almost completely correct to me, but I found one arithmetic mistake: ## \Omega =1.16 E-11 ##. (You missed the exponent by one unit). At least I think that's one place that needs a correction... editing..that would make the answer 2.92 E-11 if everything else is correct, which I think it may be.
 
Last edited:
Well, I'm not sure if you can call it helpful, but I don't see anything wrong with this. I am 99.9% sure this is the right approach, and I checked almost all of the math. (I could only approximate multiplying by pi in the last step. doing it in my head while lying in bed.)
 
Charles Link said:
It looks almost completely correct to me, but I found one arithmetic mistake: ## \Omega =1.16 E-11 ##. (You missed the exponent by one unit). At least I think that's one place that needs a correction... editing..that would make the answer 2.92 E-11 if everything else is correct, which I think it may be.

I suck. What hurts more than having said I didn't see anything wrong is saying so AFTER you already found this mistake. Jeez.
 
Cutter Ketch said:
I suck. What hurts more than having said I didn't see anything wrong is saying so AFTER you already found this mistake. Jeez.
That tends to re-enforce my belief that this might be the OP's only error. Looking forward to hearing from the OP.
 
Thank you all for the replies, turns out there was a mistake in the system and my answer of 2.92*1012 was correct after all. Had this verified by 3 lecturers at uni today.

You can all sleep easy now.

Thanks again.
 
Physics Dad said:
Thank you all for the replies, turns out there was a mistake in the system and my answer of 2.92*1012 was correct after all. Had this verified by 3 lecturers at uni today.

You can all sleep easy now.

Thanks again.
Very good, except when you said you had the correct answer after all, I was pretty sure there must be a second error and I found it: ## dt=(5)(60)(60)=18000 ##, instead of 1800. Glad you got the right answer, but looks like you had offsetting errors.
 

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