Calculations of a half loop electromagnet

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Homework Help Overview

This discussion revolves around a past exam question related to the calculations of a half loop electromagnet, focusing on the energy of magnetization and its relationship to gravitational energy. Participants explore the relevant equations and concepts in electromagnetism.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning, Problem interpretation

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the energy of magnetization and its calculation, questioning how to relate it to current and gravitational energy. There are attempts to derive equations for energy density and force in the airgap, as well as considerations of magnetic fields and their relationships.

Discussion Status

The discussion is active, with participants providing insights and alternative approaches. Some guidance has been offered regarding the use of Ampère's law instead of the Biot-Savart law, and there is an exploration of the implications of different magnetic properties in the context of the problem.

Contextual Notes

Participants note constraints such as the ambiguity in the placement of coil turns and the assumptions regarding magnetic permeability in the calculations. There is also mention of specific values for magnetic field strength and relative permeability that are relevant to the discussion.

Tweej
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Homework Statement


This is a past exam question which I just for the life of me can't figure out.

2eq6ryo.png

http://tinypic.com/r/2eq6ryo/8

Homework Equations


My guess is that the energy of the magnetisation is equal to the gravitational energy

Relevant Equations:
Ems = Mass * g * δ

Where
Mass = ρ * ACross Section * π * r
(not 2πr as we are only using half the loop, also cross sectional r is negligible.)

The Attempt at a Solution



I don't know what the energy of magnetisation is, and definitely don't know how to get to it via the current. Any relevant equations would be much appreciated.
 
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The energy-density in a magnetic field, Ed = ½*B*H [ J/m3 ].

If the (constant) B-field along the toroid is known, you calculate the H-field in the airgap from: B = μ0*H.

Total energy in the airgap is E = Ed*(volume of airgap).

The force in the airgap is calculated by: F = dE/ds. ( s = "small delta", (lower case delta?) )
 
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So

Ems = ρ * A * π * D/2 * g * δ = VAirGap * Ed = 1/2 * δ * A * 2 (as there are two air columns) * Ed

D/2 * g * ρ * π = 1/2 B * H
D = (B * H) / (g * ρ * π)

Then at this point I have one more question

Do we have H = M, B = mu_0 H

Or the Biot Savart law for B from i

Thank you for the help
 
You cannot use Biot-Savart as you don't know how the turns of the coil are placed. Use instead Amperes law:

The circulationintegral: ∫ Hds = N * I = 2π*RmeanH , Rmean = ½(R+r).

I don't quite understand the text below the figure in #1, but I think that Hiron = 1.7 A/m is meant. So you don't have to calculate the above at all.

Now assume that μr = 1000 as for iron. Then

B
= μ0 * μr * H

in the whole toroid (airgaps included). In the airgap you can find: H = B / μ0, so now B and H are known in the airgap. ( Hair = μr * Hiron ).

(The flux in magnetizm is as current in an electric circuit: nothing will disappear, and nothing will be added: Kirchhoffs current law).
 
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That makes sense!

Thank you very much for the help Hesch!
 

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