Can Radiative Heat Transfer Change the Temperature of an Object in a Vacuum?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around whether an object's temperature can change in a vacuum when the vacuum container is placed in a hotter or colder environment, focusing on the mechanisms of heat transfer involved, particularly radiative heat transfer.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if an object at temperature T in a vacuum can change temperature by altering the environment around the vacuum container.
  • Another participant asserts that an object inside a vacuum chamber will stabilize at the same temperature as the chamber walls, indicating that changing the wall temperature will affect the object through radiation heat transfer.
  • A claim is made that conduction can occur between the container surfaces and the object, although this is contested based on the design of vacuum containers like Thermos bottles.
  • It is noted that if an object is suspended in a vacuum chamber, conduction would be minimal due to lack of contact with the chamber walls.
  • One participant suggests that the rate of heat transfer depends on the temperature difference between the object and the walls, implying a relationship that may be quick with a significant temperature difference.
  • A later reply discusses the design of cryogenic dewars, highlighting that polished, silvered walls reflect infrared radiation to reduce radiative heat transfer, and questions the logarithmic nature of heat transfer, suggesting it follows a T^4 relationship instead.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the mechanisms of heat transfer in a vacuum, particularly regarding the roles of conduction and radiation, and there is no consensus on the specifics of the heat transfer formula.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved assumptions regarding the conditions under which heat transfer occurs, such as the degree of contact between the object and the chamber walls, and the specific mathematical relationships governing radiative heat transfer.

quasi426
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If something, an object at temperature T, is inside of a vacuum container, can you get that object to change its temperature by placing the container in say a hotter or colder environment. If so, how does the heat transfer?
 
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If you place an object inside of a vacuum chamber it will stabilize at the same temperature as the walls of the vacuum chamber. Change the wall temperature and the object will follow. This is an example of radiation heat transfer. There are 3 main heat transfer mechanisms, radiation (this is how we receive energy from the sun); convection, how rooms are heated; and conduction, how heat is transferred from a pan to boil water.
 
Conduction can also happen from the surfaces of the conr=tainer to the object-integral.
 
That's true if the object is in fact touching the inner chamber wall, and there is contact between the inner and outer chambers. A Thermos bottle, you'll note, is designed to minimize the contact area between the two shells. In the case of something suspended by an thread in a vacuum chamber, there'd be virtually no conduction.
 
it depends danger, if I am not mistaken heat transfers with that log formula, what i mean to say is that if the heat difference between the hanging object and the wall is very different, then the transfer would be quick
 
That's why cryogenic dewars have polished, silvered walls: they reflect IR and so reduce radiative heat transfer.

edit: I don't think it's "logarithmic", for radiative heat transfer I believe it goes as to T^4.
 
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