Centre of mass of a rod with varying density

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the center of mass (COM) of a solid metal rod with dimensions 5 x 2 x 1 and a varying density function defined as ρ(x) = (3x² + 10x) / 25. The total mass of the rod is calculated using the integral M = ∫∫∫ (3x² + 10x) / 25 dx dy dz, resulting in a mass of 20 units. However, the initial calculation for the x-coordinate of the COM yielded 1.77, which is incorrect as it does not account for the density's increase along the rod's length. The correct approach requires integrating with respect to y, leading to a revised COM that is expected to be greater than 1.77.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of triple integrals in calculus
  • Familiarity with density functions and their applications
  • Knowledge of center of mass calculations
  • Experience with integration techniques in multiple dimensions
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the calculation of triple integrals for varying density functions
  • Learn about the implications of density variation on center of mass
  • Study the integration of functions with respect to multiple variables
  • Explore examples of center of mass calculations for non-uniform objects
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or engineering, particularly those studying mechanics and dynamics, as well as educators looking for examples of center of mass calculations involving varying density.

Barnes1995-5-2
Messages
2
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


A solid metal rod with dimensions 5 x 2 x 1 is placed with one corner at the origin, such that 0≤x≤5, 0≤y≤2 and 0≤z≤1. The rods density is described by ρ(x) = (3x2 +10x) / 25
a) find the total mass of the rod
b) find the x-coordinate of the centre of mass of the rod.

Homework Equations


Total mass, M = ∫ dm = ∫ ρ dV
X coordinate of COM = (1/M) * ∫xdm = (1/M) * ∫xρ dx

The Attempt at a Solution


a) By substituting the density function into the Total mass integral and doing a triple integral over dxdydx, i get:
M = ∫∫∫ (3x2 +10x) / 25 dx dy dz = ∫∫ [(x3 +5x2) / 25] dy dz with limit of 5 and 0.
From there I continue and get an answer of M = 20 units
My problem arises in part b) when I do:
(1/M) * ∫xdm = (1/M) * ∫xρ dx = (1/M) * ∫ (3x3 +10x2) / 25 dx and use the limts of 5 and 0, i arrive at an X-coordinate for the centre of mass as 1.77. This doesn't make sense to me as surely with the stated denisty function, the mass if increasing as you progress from x=0, resulting in the COM being shifted towards the x=5 end?
Any help would be appreciated !
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Barnes1995-5-2 said:

Homework Statement


A solid metal rod with dimensions 5 x 2 x 1 is placed with one corner at the origin, such that 0≤x≤5, 0≤y≤2 and 0≤z≤1. The rods density is described by ρ(x) = (3x2 +10x) / 25
a) find the total mass of the rod
b) find the x-coordinate of the centre of mass of the rod.

Homework Equations


Total mass, M = ∫ dm = ∫ ρ dV
X coordinate of COM = (1/M) * ∫xdm = (1/M) * ∫xρ dx

The Attempt at a Solution


a) By substituting the density function into the Total mass integral and doing a triple integral over dxdydx, i get:
M = ∫∫∫ (3x2 +10x) / 25 dx dy dz = ∫∫ [(x3 +5x2) / 25] dy dz with limit of 5 and 0.
From there I continue and get an answer of M = 20 units
My problem arises in part b) when I do:
(1/M) * ∫xdm = (1/M) * ∫xρ dx = (1/M) * ∫ (3x3 +10x2) / 25 dx and use the limts of 5 and 0, i arrive at an X-coordinate for the centre of mass as 1.77. This doesn't make sense to me as surely with the stated denisty function, the mass if increasing as you progress from x=0, resulting in the COM being shifted towards the x=5 end?
Any help would be appreciated !
Hello Barnes1995-5-2. Welcome to PF !

Yes, you are correct to reason that the Center of Mass must lie to the right of the center of the bar.

You may have to show details of how you evaluated those integrals in order that we can give much help.

I disagree with your mass calculation.
 
Could you find the mass for 0≤x≤w and equate it to the mass from w≤x≤5?
 
SammyS said:
Hello Barnes1995-5-2. Welcome to PF !

Yes, you are correct to reason that the Center of Mass must lie to the right of the center of the bar.

You may have to show details of how you evaluated those integrals in order that we can give much help.

I disagree with your mass calculation.
This is how i did the mass integral
 

Attachments

  • photo1.jpg
    photo1.jpg
    52.1 KB · Views: 1,806
Barnes1995-5-2 said:
This is how i did the mass integral
That's fine.

How about integral in the numerator for the COM calculation?
 
In getting the COM, you forgot to integrate with respect to y. Your answer should be 2x as large.

Chet
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
1K
Replies
6
Views
743
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
3K
Replies
10
Views
2K
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
Replies
38
Views
4K