Change in energy of a capacitor

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a capacitor with a specified capacitance and initial charge, exploring the energy change associated with adding an electron to it. The subject area includes concepts of electrostatics and energy in capacitors.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the initial and final charge states of the capacitor and the implications of calculating energy change. Questions arise regarding the physical meaning of a non-integer charge and its impact on energy calculations.

Discussion Status

The conversation includes attempts to clarify the implications of having a charge of half an electron and whether this leads to a meaningful energy change. Some participants seek to understand the voltage before and after adding the charge, indicating a productive exploration of the topic.

Contextual Notes

There is mention of a professor's explanation regarding the non-integer charge being a result of polarization, which adds complexity to the understanding of the problem. The original poster expresses confusion about the energy change calculation resulting in zero, prompting further inquiry.

HunterDX77M
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Homework Statement


A 2.1 aF capacitor has a net charge of 0.5e (a positive charge, the symbol e is taken as a positive number 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb). What is the energy needed to add one electron (charge -e) to this capacitor?


Homework Equations


Energy in a Capacitor:
U = Q^2 \div 2C

Where U is the energy, Q is the charge and C is the capacitance

The Attempt at a Solution


The initial charge is +0.5e and after adding a charge of -e, the final charge would be -0.5e.
To find the energy needed:
\Delta U = U_f - U_i \\<br /> = \frac{(Q_f)^2 - (Q_i)^2}{2C} \\<br /> = \frac{(-0.5e)^2 - (0.5e)^2}{2C}<br /> = 0

Squaring the initial and final charge results in positive e/4 and subtracting these values of equal magnitude gives 0. But having 0 energy change doesn't make sense to me. What am I doing wrong here?

Thanks in advance for any help
 
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HunterDX77M said:
A 2.1 aF capacitor has a net charge of 0.5e (a positive charge, the symbol e is taken as a positive number 1.6 x 10-19 coulomb).
So on its plates this capacitor is storing a charge difference of half an electron?
 
NascentOxygen said:
So on its plates this capacitor is storing a charge difference of half an electron?

This is indeed the problem as my Professor wrote it.
 
After asking him about it, my Professor responded:

"The non integer charge can come from polarization of the metal piece by an electric field, that slightly moves the position of many charges."

If that helps.
 
What is the voltage on the capacitor before and after adding the charge e? What then is the difference in energy?
 

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