Solving the Mystery of Horizontal Lines on Your Screen

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the phenomenon of horizontal lines appearing on screens when filmed with a camera, attributed to the differing refresh rates of cameras and displays. Cameras capture full images at 30 frames per second, while televisions refresh their images line by line at 60 Hz, leading to visible scanning lines. This strobe effect is not only limited to screens but also occurs in real life, such as with spinning wheels, due to the human eye's sampling frequency. The effect is more pronounced under artificial lighting conditions, where the 50/60 Hz refresh rates become noticeable.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of camera frame rates and television refresh rates
  • Knowledge of human visual perception and sampling frequency
  • Familiarity with the concept of strobe effects in visual media
  • Basic principles of light and how it interacts with different environments
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the differences between camera frame rates and display refresh rates
  • Explore the principles of human visual perception and sampling frequency
  • Learn about strobe effects and their applications in film and photography
  • Investigate the impact of artificial lighting on visual perception
USEFUL FOR

Videographers, photographers, visual effects artists, and anyone interested in understanding the interaction between technology and human perception in visual media.

Quantumgravity
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What causes the horizontal lines that move down a computer or TV screen when you video tape it?
 
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You mean if you point a camera at a TV? The camera and TV do their thing in different ways - the camera takes full images 30 times a second, while the tv scans the frame one line at a time, 60 times a second. As a result, the camera sees the scanning of the tv.
 
oooh. I see. Thanks. And when we look at a TV or computer screen is it something with our eyes or the processing of info. in our brains that prevents us from noticing the lines? Or both?
 
Our eyes are too slow to see the TV image being refreshed, that's why you don't see the lines when watching TV.
 
This 'strobe' effect is also the reason for spoked wheels on TV sometimes appearing to rotate the wrong way.
 
Danger said:
This 'strobe' effect is also the reason for spoked wheels on TV sometimes appearing to rotate the wrong way.

I believe this effect appears in "real life" too. It doesn't have to be on TV.
 
Same effect can be demonstrated when watching a spinning wheel or a car tire. Our brain/eyes have some specific sampling frequency at which they "sample" the outside world. When the frequency of angular rotation is slightly higher then the sampling speed (angular speed < sampling speed < 2*angular speed) you're getting an effect which is called " folding" (sampled frequency is switched with a complex conjugate variant of itself + phase shift) and this effect causes you to see the wheel spin the other way. ;) Quite interesting actually, since it can be applied everywhere. Such as filming a computer screen or watching a movie etc..
 
Thanks everyone.
 
I don't think that the so-called strobe effect happens in the 'REAL' real world. What I mean by this is that it is not noticed in good old plain and pure sunlight. It is noticed under artificial lighting due to the 50/60 hertz that our eyes cannot see normally.
 

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